Szulc Patrycja, Willich Kaja, Gogga Patrycja
Division of Food Commodity Science, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
Nutrients. 2025 Apr 13;17(8):1337. doi: 10.3390/nu17081337.
Nowadays, social media and rapidly changing dietary trends encourage people to constantly-often excessively-control their diet, which leads to an increased risk of developing eating disorders, including orthorexia nervosa (ON). At the same time, more and more people reduce or give up consumption of meat and other animal products, adopting different types of plant-based (vegetarian) diets. The following paper aimed to demonstrate the significant similarities between orthorexia and plant-based diets and to highlight the necessity of developing new or adapting existing diagnostic tools for orthorexia considering the lifestyle characteristics of vegetarians, especially vegans. It remains unclear whether vegetarianism increases the risk of developing ON or whether the development of ON increases the chances of switching to a plant-based diet. However, based on the available literature, a positive association can be shown between the two. On the one hand, a vegetarian diet may be a cover for ON, but on the other, vegetarians, as a group avoiding specific food products, may be wrongly perceived as disordered. Thus, it is important to distinguish ON from the so-called healthy orthorexia (HO), which is a non-pathological interest in healthy eating, to avoid overdiagnosis and stigmatization of people using healthy alternative diets, including plant-based diets, since the mere fact of following them does not constitute evidence of orthorexia.
如今，社交媒体和迅速变化的饮食趋势促使人们不断——往往是过度地——控制自己的饮食，这增加了饮食失调的风险，包括神经性正食症（ON）。与此同时，越来越多的人减少或放弃食用肉类和其他动物产品，采用不同类型的植物性（素食）饮食。以下论文旨在阐述正食症与植物性饮食之间的显著相似之处，并强调鉴于素食者，尤其是纯素食者的生活方式特点，开发新的或调整现有正食症诊断工具的必要性。目前尚不清楚素食主义是否会增加患神经性正食症的风险，或者神经性正食症的发展是否会增加转向植物性饮食的可能性。然而，根据现有文献，可以证明两者之间存在正相关关系。一方面，素食饮食可能是神经性正食症的一种掩饰，但另一方面，素食者作为一个避免食用特定食品的群体，可能会被错误地认为是饮食失调。因此，将神经性正食症与所谓的健康正食（HO）区分开来很重要，健康正食是对健康饮食的一种非病理性兴趣，以避免对采用包括植物性饮食在内的健康替代饮食的人进行过度诊断和污名化，因为仅仅遵循这些饮食这一事实并不构成神经性正食症的证据。
