Reynolds Rebecca, McGowan Andrea, Smith Sophie, Rawstorne Patrick
School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nutr Health. 2023 Jul 19:2601060231187924. doi: 10.1177/02601060231187924.
Evidence associating plant-based diets with the proposed 'obsessively healthy eating' eating disorder, orthorexia nervosa, has mostly focused on females. Diet motivations have seldom been assessed.
To compare orthorexic tendencies between vegans/vegetarians and omnivores of both sexes, and reasons behind food choice with an English-validated Food Choice Questionnaire.
A cross-sectional survey of 444 males and females were recruited via social media, email, and Amazon MTurk; to investigate eating patterns, orthorexic tendencies using the ORTO-15 questionnaire, and eating motivations using the Food Choice Questionnaire.
Over half of the participants were male (53.4%), younger adults (mean ± SD 37.2 ± 11.2 years), and mostly from the United States (89%). Vegan and vegetarian eating habits were reported by 15.8% of people. Vegans/vegetarians had significantly higher orthorexic tendencies than omnivores, and chose food significantly more often for Weight Control, Ethical Concern, Natural Content, and Mood reasons. People with greater orthorexic tendencies (ORTO-15 score<35) chose food significantly more often for Weight Control and Ethical Concern reasons than those with less orthorexic tendencies (ORTO-15 score 35+).
This study's results are in line with the majority of the evidence that shows an association between vegan/vegetarian diets and orthorexic tendencies, but strengthens the evidence base by including more male participants. Additionally, this is the first study to use an English-validated motivation-based questionnaire that explored diet motivators in vegans/vegetarians compared to omnivories, and in those with orthorexic tendencies vs. those without orthorexic tendencies.
将以植物为基础的饮食与拟议的“过度痴迷于健康饮食”的饮食失调症——正食癖联系起来的证据大多集中在女性身上。饮食动机很少被评估。
使用经过英语验证的食物选择问卷，比较素食者/纯素食者与杂食者（无论男女）的正食癖倾向，以及食物选择背后的原因。
通过社交媒体、电子邮件和亚马逊土耳其机器人平台招募了444名男性和女性进行横断面调查；以调查饮食模式、使用ORTO - 15问卷评估正食癖倾向，以及使用食物选择问卷评估饮食动机。
超过一半的参与者为男性（53.4%），是年轻成年人（平均±标准差37.2±11.2岁），且大多来自美国（89%）。15.8%的人报告有素食和纯素食饮食习惯。素食者/纯素食者的正食癖倾向显著高于杂食者，并且更常因控制体重、道德关注、天然成分和情绪等原因选择食物。正食癖倾向较强的人（ORTO - 15得分<35）比正食癖倾向较弱的人（ORTO - 15得分35及以上）更常因控制体重和道德关注原因选择食物。
本研究结果与大多数表明素食/纯素食饮食与正食癖倾向之间存在关联的证据一致，但通过纳入更多男性参与者加强了证据基础。此外，这是第一项使用经过英语验证的基于动机的问卷的研究，该问卷探讨了素食者/纯素食者与杂食者相比，以及有正食癖倾向者与无正食癖倾向者的饮食动机。
