Functionalized Gelatin Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes in Food Packaging: Modification Strategies for Fulfilling Evolving Functional Requirements.

Gelatin, known for its excellent biocompatibility, strong aggregative properties, and low cost, has been extensively investigated as a promising material for food packaging. Among various fabrication methods, electrospinning stands out due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high process controllability, and ability to produce nanofiber membranes with enhanced properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the sources, properties, and applications of gelatin, along with the fundamental principles of electrospinning and its applications in food packaging. Additionally, the common types of electrospinning techniques used in food packaging are also covered. In recent years, increasing research efforts have focused on gelatin-based electrospun nanofiber membranes for food packaging applications. The functionalization of electrospinning gelatin-based nanofiber membrane was realized by incorporating various active substances or combining it with other techniques, fulfilling the new requirements of food packaging. In this review, gelatin-based electrospun nanofiber membranes for food packaging applications are overviewed, with a particular emphasis on various types of modifications for the membranes aimed at meeting diverse application demands. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges in the research of gelatin-based electrospun nanofiber membranes for food packaging are discussed.