Reis Jefferson Brendon Almeida Dos, Oliveira Thayssa Monize Rosa de, Sartori da Silva Maria Regina Silveira, Lopes Fabyano Alvares Cardoso, de Paula Alessandra Monteiro, Pontes Nadson de Carvalho, Vale Helson Mario Martins do
University of Brasilia, Institute of Biological Sciences, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil.
Centro de Excelência em Bioinsumos (CEBIO), Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Morrinhos 75650-000, GO, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 1;13(4):804. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040804.
The effect of agricultural practices on soil bacterial communities is not constant and depends a lot on the climatic context, changes in the soil characteristics, land use, and agricultural strategy. Thus, knowledge about how different land use systems in the Cerrado influence the diversity and taxonomic structure of microbial communities under the same soil type remains limited. In this context, the objective of this work was to analyze and compare the bacterial communities of Cerrado soil under two different land use systems (cover crop and potato cultivation) and in a neighboring native Cerrado area. For this, we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (metabarcoding) to characterize the bacterial community at different taxonomic levels in a native Cerrado area, in a potato crop area, and in an area with cover crops. Our data indicated significant impacts on soil physicochemical properties and enzymatic activity, which directly reflect the dynamics of bacterial communities. The three bacterial phyla with the highest relative abundance in the three areas were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Acidobacteriota. At the taxonomic class level, small variations were observed among areas, while at the amplicon sequence variant (ASV) level, these variations were more pronounced. The alpha diversity indices showed that the bacterial communities among the areas are rich and diverse. Bray-Curtis and Jaccard distance-based PCoA demonstrated an overlap of bacterial communities present in the cover crop area with the native Cerrado area and separation from the potato cultivation area. The in silico prediction demonstrated that the native Cerrado area presented the highest values of functional diversity of the soil bacterial community compared to the others. Thus, our results provide a holistic view of how different land use systems in the Cerrado can influence the taxonomic and functional diversity of soil bacterial communities.
农业实践对土壤细菌群落的影响并非一成不变，很大程度上取决于气候背景、土壤特性变化、土地利用方式和农业策略。因此，关于塞拉多地区不同土地利用系统如何在相同土壤类型下影响微生物群落多样性和分类结构的知识仍然有限。在此背景下，本研究的目的是分析和比较塞拉多地区两种不同土地利用系统（覆盖作物和马铃薯种植）以及邻近原生塞拉多地区土壤中的细菌群落。为此，我们使用16S rRNA基因的高通量扩增子测序（元条形码技术）来表征原生塞拉多地区、马铃薯种植区和覆盖作物区不同分类水平上的细菌群落。我们的数据表明，这些土地利用方式对土壤理化性质和酶活性有显著影响，而这直接反映了细菌群落的动态变化。这三个区域中相对丰度最高的三个细菌门是变形菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门。在分类纲水平上，各区域间观察到的差异较小，而在扩增子序列变体（ASV）水平上，这些差异更为明显。α多样性指数表明，各区域间的细菌群落丰富多样。基于Bray-Curtis和Jaccard距离的主坐标分析（PCoA）表明，覆盖作物区的细菌群落与原生塞拉多地区有重叠，与马铃薯种植区分离。计算机模拟预测表明，与其他区域相比，原生塞拉多地区土壤细菌群落的功能多样性值最高。因此，我们的研究结果全面展示了塞拉多地区不同土地利用系统如何影响土壤细菌群落的分类和功能多样性。
