Glikin Gerardo C, Finocchiaro Liliana M E
Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Área Investigación, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 5481, Buenos Aires 1417, Argentina.
Vet Sci. 2025 Apr 3;12(4):329. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12040329.
This review summarizes the findings of veterinary clinical trials on immunogene therapy published between 2017 and 2024. Various tumor types, including melanoma (canine and feline), mastocytoma (canine), mammary adenocarcinoma (canine), osteosarcoma (canine), and sarcoid (equine), were treated using diverse strategies. Non-viral vectors were predominantly used to deliver genes encoding tumor-associated antigens, cytokines, or suicide enzymes. Among these non-viral methods, electrotransfer was the most commonly employed technique for introducing therapeutic genes into cells. Generally, these procedures resulted in minimal or no adverse side effects, and treated animals often showed significant improvements, such as enhanced quality of life, delayed or suppressed tumor recurrence or metastasis, and increased survival times. Some of these innovative approaches hold great potential as adjunct therapies to standard treatments. The promising outcomes from immunogene therapy studies in companion animals strongly support their application in veterinary oncology and provide valuable preclinical data (including safety assessments and proof-of-concept studies) for analogous human clinical trials.
本综述总结了2017年至2024年间发表的关于免疫基因治疗的兽医临床试验结果。使用了多种策略治疗各种肿瘤类型，包括黑色素瘤（犬和猫）、肥大细胞瘤（犬）、乳腺腺癌（犬）、骨肉瘤（犬）和肉瘤（马）。非病毒载体主要用于递送编码肿瘤相关抗原、细胞因子或自杀酶的基因。在这些非病毒方法中，电穿孔是将治疗性基因导入细胞最常用的技术。一般来说，这些操作导致的不良副作用极小或没有，接受治疗的动物通常表现出显著改善，如生活质量提高、肿瘤复发或转移延迟或受到抑制以及生存时间延长。其中一些创新方法作为标准治疗的辅助疗法具有巨大潜力。伴侣动物免疫基因治疗研究的有前景结果有力地支持了其在兽医肿瘤学中的应用，并为类似的人类临床试验提供了有价值的临床前数据（包括安全性评估和概念验证研究）。
