Peng Zhifeng, Lv Huifang, Zhang Han, Zhao Li, Li Huawei, He Yanyu, Zhao Kangdi, Qiao Hongxing, Song Yuzhen, Bian Chuanzhou
College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Institute of Animal Product Quality and Safety Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Vet Sci. 2025 Apr 7;12(4):343. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12040343.
The widespread distribution and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) seriously threatens the swine industry worldwide. This study investigates the molecular epidemiology of PCV2 in Henan Province (2020-2023) through PCR screening (385 samples) and whole-genome sequencing (34 strains). The overall detection rate was 71.17% (274/385), with annual rates of 81.16% (112/138) in 2020, 72.41% (84/116) in 2021, 62.50% (55/88) in 2022, and 53.49% (23/43) in 2023, indicating a declining trend. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the dominance of the PCV2d genotype, comprising 82.4% (28/34) of sequenced strains. Evolutionary analysis identified strong negative selection pressure on ORF2, with an elevated substitution rate of 1.098 × 10 ssy. These findings provide critical insights into the predominance and adaptive evolution of PCV2d, and significantly improve our understanding of its genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics.
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）的广泛分布和遗传多样性严重威胁着全球养猪业。本研究通过PCR筛查（385份样本）和全基因组测序（34株）调查了河南省（2020 - 2023年）PCV2的分子流行病学。总体检出率为71.17%（274/385），2020年的年检出率为81.16%（112/138），2021年为72.41%（84/116），2022年为62.50%（55/88），2023年为53.49%（23/43），呈下降趋势。系统发育分析显示PCV2d基因型占主导地位，在测序菌株中占82.4%（28/34）。进化分析确定了对ORF2的强烈负选择压力，替换率升高至1.098×10ssy。这些发现为PCV2d的优势地位和适应性进化提供了关键见解，并显著提高了我们对其遗传多样性和进化动态的理解。
