Yu Jianbo, Yao Wenzhe, Qiu Min, Li Qiang
State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
Light Sci Appl. 2025 Apr 27;14(1):174. doi: 10.1038/s41377-025-01825-x.
High-Q nanophotonic devices hold great importance in both fundamental research and engineering applications. Their ability to provide high spectral resolution and enhanced light-matter interactions makes them promising in various fields such as sensing, filters, lasing, nonlinear optics, photodetection, coherent thermal emission, and laser stealth. While Q-factors as large as 10 have been achieved experimentally in on-chip microresonators, these modes are excited through near-field coupling of optical fibers. Exciting high-Q modes via free-space light presents a significant challenge primarily due to the larger fabrication area and more lossy channels associated with free-space nanophotonic devices. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the methods employed to achieve high-Q modes, highlights recent research progress and applications, and discusses the existing challenges as well as the prospects in the field of free-space high-Q nanophotonics.
高质量纳米光子器件在基础研究和工程应用中都具有极其重要的意义。它们能够提供高光谱分辨率并增强光与物质的相互作用，这使得它们在传感、滤波器、激光、非线性光学、光电探测、相干热发射和激光隐身等各个领域都颇具前景。虽然在片上微谐振器中通过实验已经实现了高达10的品质因数，但这些模式是通过光纤的近场耦合激发的。通过自由空间光激发高Q模式面临着重大挑战，主要原因是与自由空间纳米光子器件相关的制造面积更大且损耗通道更多。本综述全面概述了实现高Q模式所采用的方法，突出了近期的研究进展和应用，并讨论了自由空间高Q纳米光子学领域现有的挑战以及前景。
