van der Valk P G, Nater J P, Bleumink E
Derm Beruf Umwelt. 1985;33(3):89-91.
The effect of some irritants on the barrier function of the skin was assessed by means of water vapour loss measurements. 100 microliter of the test substance in distilled water were applied to the skin for a period of 48 h, using large Finn chambers. The exposures were done in a test panel of 42 subjects. Sodium lauryl sulfate (2%), cocobetaine (2%), crotonaldehyde (0.75%) with sodium lauryl sulfate (0.5%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (50%) markedly influenced water vapour loss. Sodium hydroxide (1%) had less effect on water vapour loss, although the increase was significant (p less than 0.05). Phenol (5%) and benzalkonium chloride (0.2%) did not significantly influence the loss of water through the skin. It is concluded that subclinical effects of chemicals on the barrier function may be of importance in the development of irritant contact dermatitis, but that this capacity is probably not the only factor which determines the potential of a substance to contribute to the development of irritant contact dermatitis. A chemical which has little or no effect on the function of the horny layer may have a toxic effect on the viable cells of deeper layers of the skin. This toxic effect may also be an important subclinical factor in the development of irritant contact dermatitis.
通过测量水分流失来评估某些刺激物对皮肤屏障功能的影响。使用大芬氏小室，将100微升溶于蒸馏水的受试物质涂抹于皮肤，持续48小时。该实验在42名受试者组成的测试组中进行。十二烷基硫酸钠（2%）、椰油酰胺甜菜碱（2%）、巴豆醛（0.75%）与十二烷基硫酸钠（0.5%）以及二甲亚砜（50%）显著影响水分流失。氢氧化钠（1%）对水分流失的影响较小，尽管增加量具有统计学意义（p小于0.05）。苯酚（5%）和苯扎氯铵（0.2%）对经皮肤的水分流失无显著影响。得出的结论是，化学物质对屏障功能的亚临床效应在刺激性接触性皮炎的发展中可能很重要，但这种能力可能不是决定一种物质导致刺激性接触性皮炎发生可能性的唯一因素。一种对角质层功能几乎没有影响或没有影响的化学物质，可能对皮肤深层的活细胞产生毒性作用。这种毒性作用也可能是刺激性接触性皮炎发展过程中的一个重要亚临床因素。
