Daramilas Christos, Papagianni Maria, Ntafi Christina, Mastorakos George, Sardeli Chrysanthi
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 14;17(6):1026. doi: 10.3390/nu17061026.
Education plays a crucial role in encouraging and aiding diabetic patients to take active responsibility for the day-to-day management of their condition and can reduce disease burden, thus minimizing the risk of complications, as well as morbidity and mortality. Lack of information increases the chances of diabetes complications. A combination of conceptual allegory and group presentation of experiences using appropriate, tailor-made, educational material was applied. To better support the trainees, maps for diabetes education were created, an educational tool that gathers roles and procedures, guiding diabetic patients in their self-care and supporting them in being able to develop coping mechanisms and self-manage their disease. The educational material was used during educational sessions held in three Greek cities. The effect of patient education was measured using specifically developed questionnaires at two time points, namely, before and after the implementation of the intervention. The results showed that training using innovative educational tools had a positive effect on the lifestyle and nutrition of diabetic patients, as their health indicators improved, (significant decreases in HbA1c, incidents of severe hypoglycemia, and emotional distress, as well as improvements in self-reported hypoglycemia awareness and wellbeing were observed), without changes in the prescribed pharmacotherapy. The need for structured educational courses on self-management for individuals with T1DM is indisputable. The main objective of such a program should be the motivation of patients to be actively involved in the prevention and management of both diabetes and its complications.
教育在鼓励和帮助糖尿病患者积极承担日常病情管理责任方面发挥着关键作用，并且可以减轻疾病负担，从而将并发症风险以及发病率和死亡率降至最低。信息匮乏会增加糖尿病并发症的发生几率。采用了概念寓言与使用适当的、量身定制的教育材料进行小组经验展示相结合的方式。为了更好地支持学员，创建了糖尿病教育地图，这是一种收集角色和程序的教育工具，指导糖尿病患者进行自我护理，并支持他们能够建立应对机制并自我管理疾病。这些教育材料在希腊三个城市举办的教育课程中使用。在两个时间点，即干预实施前后，使用专门编制的问卷来衡量患者教育的效果。结果表明，使用创新教育工具进行培训对糖尿病患者的生活方式和营养有积极影响，因为他们的健康指标有所改善（观察到糖化血红蛋白、严重低血糖事件和情绪困扰显著降低，以及自我报告的低血糖意识和幸福感有所提高），而规定的药物治疗没有变化。对于1型糖尿病患者而言，开展结构化自我管理教育课程的必要性是无可争议的。此类项目的主要目标应该是促使患者积极参与糖尿病及其并发症的预防和管理。
