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提取物补充剂减轻了长期低剂量暴露于脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮对肉鸡生长性能和肠道健康的负面影响。

extract supplementation mitigated the negative effects of prolonged low-dose exposure to Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone on growth performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens.

作者信息

Chen Yan, Zhang Guohua, Li Jiawei, Li Ximei, Jiang Susu, Zha Xi Yingpai, Guo Yanli, Lu Jianxiong

机构信息

College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.

School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.

出版信息

Front Vet Sci. 2025 Apr 11;12:1570265. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1570265. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN), common symbiotic mycotoxins found in mold-contaminated cereal feed, adversely affect broiler' health. has various pharmacological effects including antibacterial, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the long-term intake of low doses of DON and ZEN on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers, as well as the potential protective effect of supplementary extract (GUE) in an 84-day feeding experiment. A total of 315 one-day-old male broilers were randomly assigned to three treatments: basal diet (CON), MOL diet (where 5% of corn in the basal diet was replaced with an equal amount of naturally moldy corn) containing DON and ZEN at 1.25 and 1.29 mg/kg, and MGUE diet supplemented with 0.1% GUE in the MOL diet. The MOL diet reduced the body weight (BW) of broilers at 56 and 84 day, body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) aged 1-56 and 1-84 days, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) aged 1-84 days, as well as villus height (VH) and the villus/crypt (V/C) ratio, SOD and GSH-Px activities, and the expression of , and , while increasing MDA level, the expression of , and in the jejunum of broilers. Additionally, MOL diet decreased the to (F/B) ratio and abundances of ( and ), and , while increasing ( and ), (), and () in the ceca. In contrast, MGUE diet improved growth performance and returned it to a level comparable to that of the CON diet, increased VH and V/C ratio, SOD and GSH-Px activity, , and expression, while reducing MDA level, the expression of , and in the jejunum. Moreover, MGUE diet had a greater F/B ratio and abundance of ( and ) and , while reducing ( and ), () and () in cecum. In conclusion, the long-term consumption of a low-dose DON-ZEN contaminated diet decreases growth performance and disrupts intestinal health and microbiota balance in broilers; however, dietary supplementation with GUE effectively mitigates the damage caused by DON-ZEN contamination.

摘要

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)是在受霉菌污染的谷物饲料中常见的共生霉菌毒素,会对肉鸡健康产生不利影响。具有多种药理作用,包括抗菌、抗氧化和免疫调节作用。本研究旨在通过一项为期84天的饲养实验,探究长期摄入低剂量DON和ZEN对肉鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响,以及补充姜黄提取物(GUE)的潜在保护作用。总共315只1日龄雄性肉鸡被随机分为三组处理:基础日粮(CON)、MOL日粮(基础日粮中5%的玉米被等量的天然霉变玉米替代),其中DON和ZEN含量分别为1.25和1.29 mg/kg,以及MGUE日粮(在MOL日粮基础上补充0.1%的GUE)。MOL日粮降低了56日龄和84日龄肉鸡的体重(BW)、1至56日龄和1至84日龄的体重增加量(BWG)和采食量(FI),以及1至84日龄的饲料转化率(FCR),还有绒毛高度(VH)和绒毛/隐窝(V/C)比值、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性,以及紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)、闭合蛋白(Occludin)和Claudin-1的表达,同时增加了肉鸡空肠中丙二醛(MDA)水平、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)的表达。此外,MOL日粮降低了盲肠中乙酸/丙酸(F/B)比值以及双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)(青春双歧杆菌和短双歧杆菌)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和柔嫩梭菌(Faecalibacterium prausnitzii)的丰度,同时增加了拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)(普通拟杆菌和卵形拟杆菌)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)的丰度。相比之下,MGUE日粮改善了生长性能并使其恢复到与CON日粮相当的水平,增加了VH和V/C比值、SOD和GSH-Px活性、ZO-1、Occludin和Claudin-1的表达,同时降低了空肠中MDA水平、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β的表达。此外,MGUE日粮在盲肠中有更高的F/B比值以及双歧杆菌属(青春双歧杆菌和短双歧杆菌)和乳杆菌属的丰度,但降低了拟杆菌属(普通拟杆菌和卵形拟杆菌)、大肠杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌的丰度。总之,长期食用低剂量DON-ZEN污染的日粮会降低肉鸡的生长性能,破坏肠道健康和微生物群平衡;然而,日粮中添加GUE可有效减轻DON-ZEN污染造成的损害。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/62e8/12023903/db422f58fa8c/fvets-12-1570265-g001.jpg

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