Abdul Aziz Prasandi, Marhaendrajana Taufan, Nurhandoko Bagus Endar Bachtiar, Siagian Utjok W R
Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Research Center for CO2 and Flare Gas Utilization, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
ACS Omega. 2025 Apr 9;10(15):14787-14804. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c09499. eCollection 2025 Apr 22.
CO injection into geological formation for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) including enhanced oil or gas recovery provides a solution to reduce CO emissions and bring on potential economic benefits. However, field operation possesses potential challenges both for injection and production wells. Operational constraints commonly considered are weighted around the injection well and related to well and formation integrity (e.g., limiting the risk of injection-induced fracturing). On the other hand, complexities of CO-brine-rock interaction affect sand production phenomena in production wells. This study investigates CO-brine-rock interaction to reflect CO injection impact toward reservoir fluid and rocks. This study involves extensive experimental works, namely, time-lapse dry mass measurements, brine compositions and pH analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), petrographic thin section analysis, porosity measurements, and elastic wave velocity measurements. CO-brine-rock batch experiment was designed and utilized to observe mineral dissolution, pore structure alteration, as well as rock physics alteration caused by CO-brine-rock interactions. An outcrop sample of dolomite-rich sandstone in Air Benakat formation, South Sumatra, Indonesia, was used as a case study. This study shows that dolomite dissolution was observed and led to ∼6.6% porosity improvement as well as rock strength reduction (as shown by ∼4.3% of P wave and ∼6.2% of S wave reduction, respectively). The results of experimental works were then used to construct sand onset prediction model that considers rock strength alteration caused by CO-brine-rock interactions. The sand onset prediction model demonstrates an acceleration of sand onset occurrence due to CO-brine-rock interactions which can assist the operator to design a better sand management strategy in producer wells.
将二氧化碳注入地质构造以进行碳捕获、利用和封存（CCUS），包括提高石油或天然气采收率，为减少二氧化碳排放和带来潜在经济效益提供了一种解决方案。然而，现场作业对注入井和生产井都存在潜在挑战。通常考虑的操作限制主要围绕注入井，并且与井和地层完整性相关（例如，限制注入引起的压裂风险）。另一方面，二氧化碳-盐水-岩石相互作用的复杂性会影响生产井中的出砂现象。本研究调查二氧化碳-盐水-岩石相互作用，以反映二氧化碳注入对储层流体和岩石的影响。本研究涉及大量实验工作，即随时间变化的干质量测量、盐水成分和pH值分析、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜-能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）、岩相薄片分析、孔隙度测量和弹性波速度测量。设计并利用二氧化碳-盐水-岩石批量实验来观察矿物溶解、孔隙结构变化以及由二氧化碳-盐水-岩石相互作用引起的岩石物理性质变化。以印度尼西亚南苏门答腊Air Benakat组富含白云石的砂岩露头样品为例进行研究。该研究表明观察到白云石溶解，导致孔隙度提高约6.6%，同时岩石强度降低（分别表现为纵波降低约4.3%和横波降低约6.2%）。然后利用实验结果构建出砂起始预测模型，该模型考虑了二氧化碳-盐水-岩石相互作用引起的岩石强度变化。出砂起始预测模型表明，由于二氧化碳-盐水-岩石相互作用，出砂起始时间提前，这可以帮助操作人员在生产井中设计更好的防砂管理策略。
