Padhi Chandrashekhar, Zhu Lingyang, Chen Jeff Y, Moreira Ryan, van der Donk Wilfred A
bioRxiv. 2025 Apr 8:2025.04.04.647296. doi: 10.1101/2025.04.04.647296.
Ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a growing class of natural products that possess many activities that are of potential translational interest. Multinuclear non-heme iron dependent oxidative enzymes (MNIOs), until recently termed domain of unknown function 692 (DUF692), have been gaining interest because of their involvement in a range of biochemical reactions that are remarkable from a chemical perspective. Over 13,500 putative MNIO-encoding biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) have been identified by sequence similarity networks (SSNs). In this study, we identified a set of precursor peptides containing a conserved FHAFRF-motif in MNIO-encoding BGCs. These BGCs follow a conserved synteny with genes encoding an MNIO, a RiPP recognition element (RRE)-containing partner protein, an arginase, and a B12-dependent radical SAM enzyme (rSAM). Using heterologous reconstitution of a representative BGC from ( cluster) in , we demonstrated that the MNIO in conjunction with the partner protein catalyzes -hydroxylation of each of the phenylalanine residues in the conserved FRF-motif, the arginase forms an ornithine by deguanidination of the arginine in the motif, and the B12-rSAM crosslinks the -Tyr side side chains by a C-C linkage forming a novel macrocyclic molecule. Substrate scope studies suggested tolerance of the MNIO and the B12-rSAM towards substituting the Phe residues with tyrosines in the conserved motif with the position of hydroxylation and crosslinking being maintained. Overall, this study expands the diverse array of posttranslational modifications catalyzed by MNIOs and B12-rSAM enzymes.
核糖体合成及翻译后修饰肽(RiPPs)是一类不断增加的天然产物,具有许多潜在的转化应用价值。多核非血红素铁依赖性氧化酶(MNIOs),直到最近还被称为功能未知结构域692(DUF692),因其参与了一系列从化学角度来看非常显著的生化反应而受到关注。通过序列相似性网络(SSNs)已鉴定出超过13500个推定的编码MNIO的生物合成基因簇(BGCs)。在本研究中,我们在编码MNIO的BGCs中鉴定出一组含有保守FHAFRF基序的前体肽。这些BGCs与编码MNIO、含RiPP识别元件(RRE)的伴侣蛋白、精氨酸酶和B12依赖性自由基S-腺苷甲硫氨酸酶(rSAM)的基因具有保守的共线性。通过在大肠杆菌中对来自(簇)的代表性BGC进行异源重组,我们证明MNIO与伴侣蛋白共同催化保守FRF基序中每个苯丙氨酸残基的β-羟基化,精氨酸酶通过基序中精氨酸的脱胍作用形成鸟氨酸,并且B12-rSAM通过C-C键交联β-酪氨酸侧链形成一种新型大环分子。底物范围研究表明,MNIO和B12-rSAM对保守基序中苯丙氨酸残基被酪氨酸取代具有耐受性,同时保持羟基化和交联的位置。总体而言,本研究扩展了由MNIOs和B12-rSAM酶催化的翻译后修饰的多样性。