Capisizu Alexandru, Zăgrean Leon, Capisizu Adriana Sorina
Dr. Constantin Gorgos Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Functional Studies, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
J Med Life. 2025 Mar;18(3):246-256. doi: 10.25122/jml-2025-0053.
Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that affects many individuals around the world, with a constantly increasing prevalence. The association between autism and electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities in children suggests a worse evolution of clinical features. A retrospective study was conducted, including 101 children with autism who underwent clinical and neurological examination and wake electroencephalography. This study aimed to examine EEG abnormalities in children with autism, identify phenotypic characteristics associated with these abnormalities, asses their clinical relevance, and determine potential phenotypic correlations. The results showed that 10.89% of the patients in the study presented EEG abnormalities, similar to those of other studies that used wake EEG. Of these patients, 18.18% presented epileptic-type discharges, such as spike and wave complexes, and 81.81% presented non-epileptic-type abnormalities, such as bursts of slow waves, generalized or focal. Regarding the phenotypic profile of the patients with EEG abnormalities, 45.45% had a positive family history, 63.63% presented with dysmorphic features and 27.27% presented with gait disturbance. This study shows that some children with autism present multiple EEG abnormalities and diverse phenotypic traits in terms of personal and family history, dysmorphic features, and neurological examination. Identifying EEG abnormalities can improve clinical decisions with complex treatment and monitoring of co-occurring conditions like epilepsy. The use of accessible, effective, and noninvasive assessment tools, such as EEG recordings and neurological examinations in children with autism, can provide valuable support for improved case management.
自闭症是一种严重的神经发育障碍，影响着世界各地许多人，其患病率在不断上升。儿童自闭症与脑电图（EEG）异常之间的关联表明临床特征的演变更差。进行了一项回顾性研究，纳入了101名接受临床和神经学检查以及清醒脑电图检查的自闭症儿童。本研究旨在检查自闭症儿童的脑电图异常，识别与这些异常相关的表型特征，评估其临床相关性，并确定潜在的表型相关性。结果显示，研究中的患者有10.89%出现脑电图异常，这与其他使用清醒脑电图的研究结果相似。在这些患者中，18.18%出现癫痫样放电，如棘波和慢波复合波，81.81%出现非癫痫样异常，如慢波爆发、广泛性或局灶性异常。关于脑电图异常患者的表型特征，45.45%有阳性家族史，63.63%有畸形特征，27.27%有步态障碍。这项研究表明，一些自闭症儿童在个人和家族史、畸形特征以及神经学检查方面存在多种脑电图异常和不同的表型特征。识别脑电图异常可以改善对癫痫等并发疾病进行复杂治疗和监测时的临床决策。在自闭症儿童中使用脑电图记录和神经学检查等可及、有效且无创的评估工具，可以为改善病例管理提供有价值的支持。
