Casler Jason C, Neto Matilde V, Burgoyne Thomas, Lackner Laura L
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
Contact (Thousand Oaks). 2025 Apr 13;8:25152564251332141. doi: 10.1177/25152564251332141. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Sites of close apposition between organelles, known as membrane contact sites (MCSs), are critical regulators of organelle function. Mitochondria form elaborate reticular networks that perform essential metabolic and signaling functions. Many mitochondrial functions are regulated by MCSs formed between mitochondria and other organelles. In this review, we aim to bring attention to an understudied, but physiologically important, MCS between mitochondria and the plasma membrane (PM). We first describe the molecular mechanism of mitochondria-PM tethering in budding yeast and discuss its role in regulating multiple biological processes, including mitochondrial dynamics and lipid metabolism. Next, we discuss the evidence for mitochondria-PM tethering in higher eukaryotes, with a specific emphasis on mitochondria-PM contacts in retinal cells, and speculate on their functions. Finally, we discuss unanswered questions to guide future research into the function of mitochondria-PM contact sites.
细胞器之间紧密相邻的位点，即膜接触位点（MCSs），是细胞器功能的关键调节因子。线粒体形成复杂的网状网络，执行基本的代谢和信号功能。线粒体的许多功能受线粒体与其他细胞器之间形成的MCSs调控。在本综述中，我们旨在引起人们对线粒体与质膜（PM）之间一个研究较少但具有重要生理意义的MCS的关注。我们首先描述出芽酵母中线粒体 - 质膜系留的分子机制，并讨论其在调节包括线粒体动力学和脂质代谢在内的多个生物学过程中的作用。接下来，我们讨论高等真核生物中线粒体 - 质膜系留的证据，特别强调视网膜细胞中的线粒体 - 质膜接触，并推测其功能。最后，我们讨论未解决的问题，以指导未来对线粒体 - 质膜接触位点功能的研究。
