Rey-Cadilhac Félix, Rachenne Florian, Marquant Antonin, Kee Him Josephine Lai, Ancelin Aurélie, Foisor Veronica, Morille Marie, Lyonnais Sébastien, Cazevieille Chantal, Missé Dorothée, Pompon Julien
MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Apr 11;13:1497795. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1497795. eCollection 2025.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are non-replicative, cell-derived membranous structures secreted by potentially all eukaryotic cells, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. The study of EVs requires approaches and tools, which have predominantly been developed for mammalian models. Here, we undertook a multimodal characterization of mosquito EVs to provide a technical and knowledge foundation for their study. First, using a cell line model from and applying multiple analytical technologies (i.e., NTA, TEM, cryo-EM, and AFM), we observed that mosquito EVs range from 20 to 500 nm in diameter and that a majority are smaller than 100 nm. Second, we showed that smaller EVs are secreted in mosquito saliva. Third, we evaluated the capacity of differential centrifugation and size exclusion chromatography to separate mosquito EVs, revealing the strengths and weaknesses of each technology. Finally, we identified a mosquito homolog of CD63 as an extravesicular marker and the mosquito syntenin as a putative luminal marker. Overall, our results promote the development of tools and approaches for the study of mosquito EVs.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由几乎所有真核细胞分泌的非复制性、源自细胞的膜结构，在细胞间通讯中起关键作用。对EVs的研究需要一些方法和工具，而这些方法和工具主要是针对哺乳动物模型开发的。在此，我们对蚊子的EVs进行了多模态表征，为其研究提供技术和知识基础。首先，使用来自[具体来源未给出]的细胞系模型并应用多种分析技术（即纳米颗粒跟踪分析、透射电子显微镜、冷冻电子显微镜和原子力显微镜），我们观察到蚊子的EVs直径范围为20至500纳米，且大多数小于100纳米。其次，我们表明较小的EVs分泌于蚊子唾液中。第三，我们评估了差速离心和尺寸排阻色谱法分离蚊子EVs的能力，揭示了每种技术的优缺点。最后，我们鉴定出一种蚊子CD63的同源物作为囊泡外标志物，以及蚊子syntenin作为一种假定的腔内标志物。总体而言，我们的结果推动了用于研究蚊子EVs的工具和方法的发展。
