Thron Maximiliane, Kuhnert Ronny, Altmann Stefan, Barsch Friedrich, Härtel Sascha, Richter Almut, Schlenker Lars, Bös Klaus, Woll Alexander, Fiedler Janis
Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2025 May;25(5):e12311. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12311.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered as a main indicator of cardiovascular health and is associated with a reduced risk of noncommunicable diseases. The objective is to explore the potential behavioral, interpersonal, socioeconomic, and anthropometric factors associated with a submaximal measure for CRF among adolescents and adults in Germany. Data were drawn from a population-based nationwide cross-sectional study, involving 2886 male and 3034 female participants aged 14-64 who were part of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (2008-2011) and the Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (2014-2017). Participants completed a submaximal cycle ergometer test to determine the relative power at the individual anaerobic lactate threshold (pLT) (W/kg). Multivariable survey-weighted mixed linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations of potential correlates with pLT. Among both sexes, being involved in physical exercise (PE) and activity (PA) and having a tertiary education was associated with hana higher pLT, whereas currently smoking and classified as overweight or obese was associated with a lower pLT. Among females being single and among males, a higher fruit consumption was associated with a higher pLT. A lower pLT was associated with a higher waist circumference and a high junk food intake in females and being a former smoker and being single in males. Overall, PE and nonsmoking are the most important determinants for pLT; therefore, policies and interventions targeting those factors would be important for preventing noncommunicable diseases. Overall, these findings can offer valuable insights for customizing prevention strategies to meet the specific needs of different subgroups.
心肺适能（CRF）被视为心血管健康的主要指标，且与非传染性疾病风险降低相关。目的是探讨德国青少年和成年人中与次最大量心肺适能测量相关的潜在行为、人际、社会经济和人体测量因素。数据来自一项基于全国人口的横断面研究，涉及2886名男性和3034名女性参与者，年龄在14 - 64岁之间，他们是德国健康访谈与检查调查（2008 - 2011年）以及儿童和青少年检查调查（2014 - 2017年）的一部分。参与者完成了次最大量的自行车测力计测试，以确定个体无氧乳酸阈（pLT）时的相对功率（W/kg）。进行了多变量调查加权混合线性回归分析，以评估潜在相关因素与pLT的关联。在两性中，参与体育锻炼（PE）和身体活动（PA）以及接受高等教育与较高的pLT相关，而当前吸烟以及被归类为超重或肥胖与较低的pLT相关。在女性中单身以及在男性中，较高的水果摄入量与较高的pLT相关。较低的pLT与女性较高的腰围和高垃圾食品摄入量以及男性曾经吸烟和单身相关。总体而言，体育锻炼和不吸烟是pLT的最重要决定因素；因此，针对这些因素的政策和干预措施对于预防非传染性疾病很重要。总体而言，这些发现可为定制预防策略以满足不同亚组的特定需求提供有价值的见解。
