Zhang Yu, Zhang Zefu, Xiong Kangning, Ning Youze
Tangshan Key Laboratory of Simulation of Urban Ecosystem, Department of Resource Management, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China.
Geography and Environment Sciences, Schools of Karst Science, State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 28;20(4):e0321541. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321541. eCollection 2025.
Karst desertification (KD) severely restricts rural development in China's karst regions. To ensure both ecological security and economic sustainability, afforestation is essential for karst desertification control (KDC). This paper utilizes scientific approaches, including Ecological Product (EP) value accounting (which evaluates the value of ecosystem - provided products and services for humans) and data statistical analysis, to explore the functions of afforestation in EP distribution, value realization, and Ecological Industry (EI) formation. The study reveals several key findings. (1) In the three study areas, afforestation significantly impacts the regulation of service product values. For instance, in the Shibing area, Horsetail pine is the main EP supplier; in the langyashan study area, it is cypress; and in the Zunhua study area, oil pine. (2) In the southern karst (exemplified by the Shibing study area), EP values are influenced by factors like stand height, diameter at breast height, altitude, organic carbon, and soil total nitrogen. In the northern karst (using langyashan study area and Zunhua study areas as examples), soil total nitrogen, organic carbon, and porosity are the main determinants. (3) With decreasing altitude, industrial distribution shifts from an ecological - forest - based industry to one with co - existing ecological and economic forests, and finally to an economic - forest - based industry. Rational selection and breeding of economic forest species aid in creating ecolabel brands. This small - watershed - scale analysis improves the accuracy of assessing ecological and economic development in karst areas, providing a scientific basis for decision - making to strengthen ecological restoration and enhance people's well - being.
石漠化严重制约了中国喀斯特地区的农村发展。为确保生态安全和经济可持续性，造林对于石漠化治理至关重要。本文运用科学方法，包括生态产品（EP）价值核算（评估生态系统为人类提供的产品和服务的价值）和数据统计分析，来探讨造林在生态产品分配、价值实现和生态产业（EI）形成中的作用。研究得出了几个关键发现。（1）在三个研究区域，造林对服务产品价值的调节有显著影响。例如，在施秉地区，马尾松是主要的生态产品供应者；在琅琊山研究区域，是柏树；在遵化研究区域，是油松。（2）在南方喀斯特地区（以施秉研究区域为例），生态产品价值受林分高度、胸径、海拔、有机碳和土壤全氮等因素影响。在北方喀斯特地区（以琅琊山研究区域和遵化研究区域为例），土壤全氮、有机碳和孔隙度是主要决定因素。（3）随着海拔降低，产业分布从以生态林为主的产业转变为生态林和经济林共存的产业，最终转变为以经济林为主的产业。合理选择和培育经济林树种有助于打造生态标签品牌。这种小流域尺度的分析提高了评估喀斯特地区生态和经济发展的准确性，为加强生态修复和提升人民福祉的决策提供了科学依据。
