Cai Jie, Tao Ping, Ding Feng
Otolaryngology Department, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Otolaryngology Department, Yunmeng People's Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei Province, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Apr 25;104(17):e42244. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000042244.
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term quality of life (QOL) of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) after receiving immunomodulatory treatment and to observe its impact on rhinitis recurrence, episode duration, happiness index, depression and anxiety scores, and complications. A total of 60 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for AR who visited the outpatient department of our hospital from January to December 2022 were included. Patients were divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The treatment group received immunomodulatory therapy, including allergen immunotherapy and immunomodulators. The control group received conventional treatment, including antihistamines (such as loratadine, 10 mg oral daily) and steroid nasal sprays (such as budesonide, 1-2 times daily, 1-2 sprays per nostril). Basic information and disease severity were recorded 12 months after treatment began, and QOL scores and symptom scores were recorded. Rhinitis recurrences significantly reduced in the treatment group than in the control group (3.05 vs 8.26 times, P < .01). The duration of rhinitis attacks also significantly shortened in the treatment group than in the control group (2.22 vs 5.39 days, P < .01). The average QOL score (80.84 vs 60.85, P < .01) and happiness index (7.85 vs 5.17, P < .01) significantly improved in the treatment group than in the control group. The depression and anxiety scores of the treatment group (5.29 and 4.18, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the control group (8.42 and 7.79, respectively) (P < .01). The complication rate significantly reduced in the treatment group (3.5%) than that in the control group (8.2%) (P < .01). The long-term QOL of patients with AR improved after receiving immunomodulatory treatment. Rhinitis recurrences were decreased, duration of attacks was shortened, patient's happiness index was improved, depression and anxiety symptoms were alleviated, and incidence of complications was reduced. Therefore, immunomodulatory therapy has a positive long-term effect on the QOL of patients with AR.
本研究旨在评估变应性鼻炎（AR）患者接受免疫调节治疗后的长期生活质量（QOL），并观察其对鼻炎复发、发作持续时间、幸福指数、抑郁和焦虑评分以及并发症的影响。纳入了2022年1月至12月到我院门诊就诊的60例符合AR诊断标准的患者。根据随机数字表法将患者分为治疗组和对照组，每组30例。治疗组接受免疫调节治疗，包括变应原免疫治疗和免疫调节剂。对照组接受常规治疗，包括抗组胺药（如氯雷他定，每日口服10mg）和类固醇鼻喷雾剂（如布地奈德，每日1 - 2次，每侧鼻孔1 - 2喷）。治疗开始12个月后记录基本信息和疾病严重程度，并记录QOL评分和症状评分。治疗组鼻炎复发次数显著低于对照组（3.05次对8.26次，P < .01）。治疗组鼻炎发作持续时间也显著短于对照组（2.22天对5.39天，P < .01）。治疗组的平均QOL评分（80.84对60.85，P < .01）和幸福指数（7.85对5.17，P < .01）显著高于对照组。治疗组的抑郁和焦虑评分（分别为5.29和4.18）显著低于对照组（分别为8.42和7.79）（P < .01）。治疗组的并发症发生率（3.5%）显著低于对照组（8.2%）（P < .01）。AR患者接受免疫调节治疗后长期QOL得到改善。鼻炎复发减少，发作持续时间缩短，患者幸福指数提高，抑郁和焦虑症状减轻，并发症发生率降低。因此，免疫调节治疗对AR患者的QOL有积极的长期影响。
