平衡稳定性与功能：新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株刺突蛋白表面电荷的影响

Lauster Daniel, Haag Rainer, Ballauff Matthias, Herrmann Andreas

Institute of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceuticals, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Npj Viruses. 2025 Apr 1;3(1):23. doi: 10.1038/s44298-025-00104-1.

The ectodomain of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 spike has an increased positive surface charge, favoring binding to the host cell surface, but may affect the stability of the ectodomain. Thermal stability studies identified two transitions associated with the flexibility of the receptor binding domain and the unfolding of the whole ectodomain, respectively. Despite destabilizing effects of some mutations, compensatory mutations maintain ECD stability and functional advantages thus supporting viral fitness.

奥密克戎SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的胞外域具有增加的正表面电荷，有利于与宿主细胞表面结合，但可能影响胞外域的稳定性。热稳定性研究分别确定了与受体结合域的灵活性和整个胞外域的展开相关的两个转变。尽管一些突变具有去稳定作用，但补偿性突变维持了胞外域的稳定性和功能优势，从而支持病毒的适应性。