Zulkifli Radiztia Ekayantri, Tatewaki Yasuko, Takeuchi Hikaru, Hendrian Diptarama, Kawashima Ryuta, Taki Yasuyuki
Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Behav Neurol. 2025 Apr 21;2025:8156740. doi: 10.1155/bn/8156740. eCollection 2025.
Previous research by Mehrinejad et al. found that parenting style affects offspring's brain development which later determines their creativity. They show that there is a significant positive relationship between authoritative parenting style and creativity. Meanwhile, neuroimaging studies by Takeuchi et al. have explained that offspring's creativity also differs depending on their empathizing-systemizing cognitive style. They show that both EQ and SQ were significantly and positively correlated with creativity. Combining the previous studies, we hypothesize that there exists an effect of the positive interaction between parenting style and the offspring's E-S cognitive style on the offspring's brain development and creativity. Whereas previous research on the offspring's creativity has focused on one dimension only, in the current study, for the first time, we investigated the effect of the interaction between parenting style and the offspring's E-S cognitive style on the offspring's brain development and creativity. We used voxel-based morphometry and questionnaires to investigate the gray matter correlates of the interaction between parenting style and the offspring's E-S cognitive style. With 675 healthy participants (average: 20 years old), using cross-sectional whole-brain multiple regression, we found significant interactive effects between parenting style and offspring's E-S cognitive style on regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the right supramarginal gyrus (R-SMG). We also found that the rGMV in the R-SMG was significantly and positively correlated with the offspring's originality/fluency scores, a dimension of creativity. Our findings suggest that offsprings who are raised with the appropriate parenting style according to their E-S cognitive style have a larger rGMV in the R-SMG. These offsprings exhibit a higher level of creativity, especially originality in divergent thinking, the ability to generate an idea that is different from that of others. In the future, we hope this research can provide critical information for parents regarding the parenting style that suits their offspring's E-S cognitive style to improve offspring's creativity and quality of life.
梅赫里内贾德等人之前的研究发现，养育方式会影响后代的大脑发育，而大脑发育随后会决定他们的创造力。他们表明，权威型养育方式与创造力之间存在显著的正相关关系。与此同时，竹内等人的神经影像学研究解释说，后代的创造力也因其共情 - 系统化认知风格的不同而有所差异。他们表明，情商（EQ）和系统化商数（SQ）都与创造力显著正相关。综合先前的研究，我们假设养育方式与后代的E - S认知风格之间的积极互动会对后代的大脑发育和创造力产生影响。以往关于后代创造力的研究仅关注一个维度，而在本研究中，我们首次调查了养育方式与后代的E - S认知风格之间的互动对后代大脑发育和创造力的影响。我们使用基于体素的形态测量法和问卷来研究养育方式与后代的E - S认知风格之间互动的灰质相关性。在675名健康参与者（平均年龄：20岁）中，通过横断面全脑多元回归分析，我们发现养育方式与后代的E - S认知风格之间在右侧缘上回（R - SMG）的区域灰质体积（rGMV）上存在显著的交互作用。我们还发现，R - SMG中的rGMV与后代创造力维度中的原创性/流畅性得分显著正相关。我们的研究结果表明，根据其E - S认知风格采用适当养育方式抚养长大的后代，其R - SMG中的rGMV更大。这些后代表现出更高水平的创造力，尤其是发散性思维中的原创性，即产生与他人不同想法的能力。未来，我们希望这项研究能够为父母提供关键信息，帮助他们了解适合其后代E - S认知风格的养育方式，以提高后代的创造力和生活质量。
