Quan Jingdan, Wan Zixin, Wu Wei, Cao Xinyuan, Qiu Jiayuan, Liu Xiaoye, Zhang Zhiwei
Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Oncol Res. 2025 Apr 18;33(5):1069-1089. doi: 10.32604/or.2025.063005. eCollection 2025.
One of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, stomach cancer still has a high incidence and fatality rate in China, and the number of young people developing early-onset gastric cancer is steadily increasing. The 5-year survival rate of stomach cancer is typically 30%-35%, the prognosis is bad, the patients' quality of life is low, and the progression of advanced gastric cancer cannot be effectively managed despite the use of surgical surgery, chemotherapy, and other medicines. We urgently need molecular biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity to increase the early gastric cancer detection rate, extend patient survival, and improve patient quality of life. The initial diagnosis of gastric cancer primarily depends on gastroscopy and biopsy, and invasive procedures cause significant discomfort to patients. Similar to this, treating advanced and metastatic stomach cancer is a pressing issue that requires attention. More and more immune checkpoint molecules have been discovered, and corresponding inhibitors are gradually being applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment. Recently, some non-coding RNAs have begun to be used as new targets for the treatment of gastric cancer. Some non-coding RNAs are highly present in the serum or urine of gastric cancer patients and can be used as diagnostic markers or prognostic indicators. Many clinical trials targeting non-coding RNAs have also shown good therapeutic effects. In general, targeting non-coding RNAs has shown good therapeutic effects. The biomarkers for gastric cancer detection and treatment are reviewed in this article, focusing on the new non-coding RNAs used in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Patients with stomach cancer should have access to more precise and efficient diagnosis and treatment choices as a result of ongoing technological advancements and thorough research.
作为全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，胃癌在中国的发病率和死亡率仍然很高，而且患早发性胃癌的年轻人数量正在稳步增加。胃癌的5年生存率通常为30%-35%，预后较差，患者生活质量较低，尽管采用了手术、化疗和其他药物治疗，晚期胃癌的进展仍无法得到有效控制。我们迫切需要具有高特异性和敏感性的分子生物标志物，以提高早期胃癌的检出率，延长患者生存期，改善患者生活质量。胃癌的初步诊断主要依靠胃镜检查和活检，侵入性操作会给患者带来极大不适。与此类似，治疗晚期和转移性胃癌也是一个亟待关注的紧迫问题。越来越多的免疫检查点分子被发现，相应的抑制剂也逐渐应用于临床诊断和治疗。近来，一些非编码RNA已开始被用作胃癌治疗的新靶点。一些非编码RNA在胃癌患者的血清或尿液中高度存在，可用作诊断标志物或预后指标。许多针对非编码RNA的临床试验也显示出良好的治疗效果。总体而言，靶向非编码RNA已显示出良好的治疗效果。本文对用于胃癌检测和治疗的生物标志物进行综述，重点关注用于诊断、预后和治疗的新型非编码RNA。随着技术的不断进步和深入研究，胃癌患者应能获得更精确、高效的诊断和治疗选择。
