Trichopoulos D, Ouranos G, Day N E, Tzonou A, Manousos O, Papadimitriou C, Trichopoulos A
Int J Cancer. 1985 Sep 15;36(3):291-7.
A case-control study focusing on the role of diet in the etiology of gastric cancer was undertaken in Piraeus, the sister city of Athens, in a population characterized by ethnic homogeneity but substantial heterogeneity with respect to dietary habits. The case series consisted of 110 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the stomach, admitted to two teaching hospitals during a 3-year period; the control series consisted of orthopedic patients admitted to a nearby hospital for accidents, fractures and other orthopedic disorders, during the same time period. Dietary histories concerning the frequency of consumption (per month or per week) of about 80 food items were obtained by the same interviewer. Cases reported significantly less frequent consumption of lemons, oranges, brown bread, and raw, salad-type vegetables (particularly lettuce, onions and cucumbers) and, independently, significantly more frequent consumption of pasta, beans and nuts. A relative risk of about 40 was found between extreme quintiles when the above 9 food items were combined in a linear risk score. Use of an index constructed from the study material will clearly overestimate the level of risk between the extreme quintiles, but nevertheless the risk differences appear noteworthy, and consistent with the international variation in the incidence of gastric cancer. No significant associations were found with alcoholic beverages, coffee or tea.
在雅典的姐妹城市比雷埃夫斯进行了一项病例对照研究，重点关注饮食在胃癌病因学中的作用。该研究人群具有种族同质性，但饮食习惯存在显著差异。病例组由110例经组织学确诊为胃腺癌的连续患者组成，这些患者在3年期间被收治于两家教学医院；对照组由同期因事故、骨折及其他骨科疾病入住附近医院的骨科患者组成。由同一名访谈员获取了关于约80种食物每月或每周食用频率的饮食史。病例组报告柠檬、橙子、黑面包以及生的、沙拉类蔬菜（尤其是生菜、洋葱和黄瓜）的食用频率显著较低，且独立来看，意大利面、豆类和坚果的食用频率显著较高。当将上述9种食物组合成线性风险评分时，极端五分位数之间的相对风险约为40。使用根据研究材料构建的指数会明显高估极端五分位数之间的风险水平，但尽管如此，风险差异似乎值得注意，且与胃癌发病率的国际差异一致。未发现与酒精饮料、咖啡或茶有显著关联。
