Mangrio Fahad Ali, Uthis Penpaktr, Rojnawee Suwimon, Matthews Alicia K
Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Research Unit for Enhancing Well-being in Vulnerable and Chronic Illness Populations, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2026 Jun;16(3):195-210. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0320. Epub 2025 Apr 30.
This review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies delivered through school-based interventions for smoking cessation among adolescents in South and Southeast Asian countries.
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, BioMed Central, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global from inception to October 2024. Eligible studies comprised randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that compared non-pharmacological smoking cessation interventions delivered in schools or other educational institutions. Data on smoking abstinence outcomes were extracted from published studies, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model via the Mantel-Haenszel estimator.
Seven studies involving 1,260 participants were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that non-pharmacological school-based therapies significantly increased smoking abstinence compared to controls (OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.83-4.40; p<0.001. Subgroup analyzes revealed benefits across both randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies with varying abstinence rates. Studies utilizing biochemical verification showed significant positive effects despite substantial heterogeneity, and short-term (<3 months) abstinence was significantly higher in intervention groups compared to controls. Overall, no differences were found between subgroups regarding intervention effectiveness.
This meta-analysis indicates that non-pharmacological school-based interventions positively impact smoking abstinence rates, although effectiveness may vary based on study design, follow-up duration, and use of biochemical verification. The findings underscore the need for further research with larger sample sizes, extended follow-up periods, and improved methodological rigor in these regions.
本综述和荟萃分析探讨了南亚和东南亚国家通过学校干预提供的非药物疗法对青少年戒烟的有效性。
从创刊至2024年10月，在PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct、BioMed Central、Cochrane图书馆和ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global上进行了系统检索。符合条件的研究包括随机对照试验和准实验研究，这些研究比较了在学校或其他教育机构中实施的非药物戒烟干预措施。从已发表的研究中提取戒烟结果的数据，并使用Mantel-Haenszel估计器通过随机效应模型汇总95%置信区间（CI）的比值比（OR）。
纳入了7项涉及1260名参与者的研究。荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，基于学校的非药物疗法显著提高了戒烟率（OR，2.83；95%CI，1.83-4.40；p<0.001）。亚组分析显示，在随机对照试验和具有不同戒烟率的准实验研究中均有获益。尽管存在显著异质性，但利用生化验证的研究显示出显著的积极效果，与对照组相比，干预组的短期（<3个月）戒烟率显著更高。总体而言，各亚组在干预效果方面未发现差异。
本荟萃分析表明，基于学校的非药物干预对戒烟率有积极影响，尽管效果可能因研究设计、随访时间和生化验证的使用而有所不同。研究结果强调了在这些地区需要进行更大样本量、更长随访期和更高方法学严谨性的进一步研究。
