Long Charltien, Masmanidis Sotiris C
Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2025 Apr 15;19:1538500. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1538500. eCollection 2025.
The dopaminergic modulation of striatal circuit function remains intensely studied and debated. Nevertheless, a prevalent view is that striatal dopamine serves important roles in both reinforcement learning and the performance of movements, two highly distinct processes. But this dichotomy has led to a longstanding problem of how to interpret the functional consequences of a particular dopaminergic signal-is it to learn or to move? In order to explore this ambiguity and approach a possible resolution, this review examines the key evidence for dopamine's role in learning and movement. As part of that discussion, we consider a recent body of evidence that views the common dichotomous perspective through a more nuanced lens, by suggesting a comparatively limited dopaminergic contribution to movement. This concept, which we refer to as the learning primacy hypothesis, offers a unified conceptual framework for understanding dopaminergic function.
纹状体回路功能的多巴胺能调节仍是深入研究和争论的焦点。然而，一种普遍的观点认为，纹状体多巴胺在强化学习和运动执行这两个截然不同的过程中都发挥着重要作用。但这种二分法导致了一个长期存在的问题，即如何解释特定多巴胺能信号的功能后果——它是用于学习还是用于运动？为了探究这种模糊性并寻求可能的解决方案，本综述审视了多巴胺在学习和运动中作用的关键证据。作为该讨论的一部分，我们考虑了最近的一系列证据，这些证据通过提出多巴胺对运动的贡献相对有限，以一种更细致入微的视角看待常见的二分法观点。我们将这一概念称为学习优先假说，它为理解多巴胺能功能提供了一个统一的概念框架。
