Huang Fenglian, Lin Zongyu, Lu Yeling, Zhou Yueqin, Zhu Lewei, Wang Xiaotong, Zhu Yanna
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, (No.74 Zhongshan Road II), Guangzhou City, China.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2024 Mar 15;2024:6701192. doi: 10.1155/2024/6701192. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to investigate the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and the associated factors among children and adolescents in urban China. Based on a cross-sectional study conducted in three Chinese metropolises during 2013-2014, this analysis included 7,143 participants aged 7-18 years. Information on demographics, family environment, diet, and physical activity was collected by questionnaires. Anthropometric parameters and blood biochemical indicators were measured. Logistic regression models were applied to assess risk factors of glucose level. Results revealed that the average FPG level was 4.81 ± 0.53 mmol/L, and the prevalence of IFG was 3.3%. Trends of these two variables varied significantly with age increasing (all < 0.001), reaching double peaks at 10-12 and 15-17 years. IFG was positively associated with the male sex, age increasing, obesity, higher triglyceride (TG) levels, and living in northern China. When stratified by sex, family history of diabetes, elevated total cholesterol levels, and higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages were positively associated with IFG only in females, suggesting these parameters were female-specific risk factors of IFG. We concluded that the prevalence of IFG among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in urban China was higher than that reported in previous regional studies and was associated with obesity and higher levels of TG. Therefore, sex-specific lifestyle interventions should be provided to promote healthy weight and lipids and stem the upward trend of IFG.
本研究旨在调查中国城市儿童和青少年的空腹血糖（FPG）水平、空腹血糖受损（IFG）患病率及其相关因素。基于2013 - 2014年在中国三个大都市进行的横断面研究，本分析纳入了7143名7 - 18岁的参与者。通过问卷调查收集了人口统计学、家庭环境、饮食和身体活动方面的信息。测量了人体测量参数和血液生化指标。应用逻辑回归模型评估血糖水平的危险因素。结果显示，平均FPG水平为4.81±0.53 mmol/L，IFG患病率为3.3%。这两个变量的趋势随年龄增长有显著变化（均P<0.001），在10 - 12岁和15 - 17岁时达到双峰。IFG与男性、年龄增长、肥胖、较高的甘油三酯（TG）水平以及居住在中国北方呈正相关。按性别分层时，糖尿病家族史、总胆固醇水平升高和较高的含糖饮料摄入量仅在女性中与IFG呈正相关，表明这些参数是女性特有的IFG危险因素。我们得出结论，中国城市7 - 18岁儿童和青少年中IFG的患病率高于以往区域研究报告的水平，且与肥胖和较高的TG水平相关。因此，应提供针对性别的生活方式干预措施，以促进健康体重和血脂，遏制IFG的上升趋势。
