Zhao Yue, Qiu Yuqing, Dai Lishang, Wang Hong
School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Front Genet. 2025 Apr 15;16:1584539. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2025.1584539. eCollection 2025.
Willd is the most widely distributed plant in the steppe and has a long history of medicinal applications in folk, especially as Mongolian medicine. Modern pharmacological research shows it exhibites biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. However, antibacterial applications of in fish have not been reported. Loach is a kind of small economic fish with delicious meat and high nutritional value, which has high market value and demand in China. Nowadays, loach aquaculture technology is more mature, but the effective prevention and control of bacterial infectious disease outbreaks still need to be solved, for example, infection with can cause high prevalence and mass deaths, leading to huge economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many biological processes, including an important regulatory role in the antibacterial immune response in fish, and immune-associated miRNAs have now been identified in a wide range of fish species, but less research has been carried out on loach miRNAs. To identify miRNAs related to antibacterial immunity in loach and to understand the potential immunomodulatory mechanism of , we infected both -fed and non--fed loaches with , and then constructed two small RNA libraries using high-throughput sequencing technology. Bioinformatics analysis identified 924 and 923 conserved miRNAs in control and AF () treated samples, respectively, and 30 (26 upregulated and 4 downregulated) differentially expressed miRNAs were screened. Six immune-related miRNAs were selected for fluorescence quantitative PCR used to verify the accuracy of the sequencing results. Further target gene prediction and functional analysis of 30 differential miRNAs showed that the target genes of these miRNAs were involved in the regulation of several innate and antibacterial immunity-related pathways, including endocytosis, apoptosis, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, RLR signaling pathway, TLR signaling pathway and NLR signaling pathway. This study helps to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of miRNA regulation of antibacterial immune response in loach, and provides new insights into the application of the Chinese herb in fish.
野生黄蒿是草原上分布最广的植物，在民间尤其是蒙药中有着悠久的药用历史。现代药理学研究表明它具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌等生物活性。然而，其在鱼类中的抗菌应用尚未见报道。泥鳅是一种小型经济鱼类，肉质鲜美，营养价值高，在中国具有较高的市场价值和需求。如今，泥鳅养殖技术较为成熟，但细菌性传染病爆发的有效防控仍有待解决，例如，感染[此处原文可能有缺失信息]可导致高发病率和大量死亡，造成巨大经济损失。微小RNA（miRNAs）调控许多生物学过程，包括在鱼类抗菌免疫反应中起重要调控作用，目前已在多种鱼类中鉴定出与免疫相关的miRNAs，但对泥鳅miRNAs的研究较少。为了鉴定泥鳅中与抗菌免疫相关的miRNAs并了解[此处原文可能有缺失信息]的潜在免疫调节机制，我们用[此处原文可能有缺失信息]感染喂食[此处原文可能有缺失信息]和未喂食[此处原文可能有缺失信息]的泥鳅，然后利用高通量测序技术构建了两个小RNA文库。生物信息学分析分别在对照和AF（[此处原文可能有缺失信息]）处理的样本中鉴定出924个和923个保守miRNAs，并筛选出30个（26个上调和4个下调）差异表达的miRNAs。选择6个与免疫相关的miRNAs进行荧光定量PCR以验证测序结果的准确性。对30个差异miRNAs的进一步靶基因预测和功能分析表明，这些miRNAs的靶基因参与了几种先天性和抗菌免疫相关途径的调控，包括内吞作用、凋亡、磷脂酰肌醇信号系统、RLR信号通路、TLR信号通路和NLR信号通路。本研究有助于加深对泥鳅中miRNA调控抗菌免疫反应机制的理解，并为中药[此处原文可能有缺失信息]在鱼类中的应用提供新思路。
