Nardelli Paul, Runer Armin
Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
Sektion Sportorthopädie Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.
Orthopadie (Heidelb). 2025 Apr 30. doi: 10.1007/s00132-025-04655-2.
Patellofemoral osteoarthritis presents with anterior knee pain, exacerbated by activities such as stair climbing, squatting, or prolonged sitting. Clinically relevant signs include load-dependent pain, stiffness, restricted range of motion, swelling, and crepitus. The examination includes gait analysis, inspection of limb alignment, muscle atrophy, and deformities, along with palpation and specific tests such as the "hyperpression test." Imaging techniques like X‑ray, MRI, and CT offer valuable information on cartilage damage, maltracking, and subchondral changes. A structured diagnostic approach allows precise assessment of the condition and forms the basis for stage-appropriate therapy.
髌股关节炎表现为膝关节前部疼痛,爬楼梯、下蹲或长时间坐着等活动会使其加重。临床相关体征包括负荷依赖性疼痛、僵硬、活动范围受限、肿胀和摩擦音。检查包括步态分析、肢体对线检查、肌肉萎缩和畸形检查,以及触诊和特定检查,如“高压试验”。X线、MRI和CT等成像技术可提供有关软骨损伤、轨迹不良和软骨下改变的有价值信息。结构化的诊断方法可对病情进行精确评估,并为适当阶段的治疗奠定基础。