Liang Guisheng, Zhang Chang, Yang Liting, Liu Yihao, Liu Minmin, Xiong Xuhui, Yang Chendi, Lv Xiaowei, You Wenbin, Pei Ke, Zhong Chuan-Jian, Cheng Han-Wen, Che Renchao
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Materials Science, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
Nanomicro Lett. 2025 Apr 30;17(1):245. doi: 10.1007/s40820-025-01720-5.
The ability to control the electrode interfaces in an electrochemical energy storage system is essential for achieving the desired electrochemical performance. However, achieving this ability requires an in-depth understanding of the detailed interfacial nanostructures of the electrode under electrochemical operating conditions. In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is one of the most powerful techniques for revealing electrochemical energy storage mechanisms with high spatiotemporal resolution and high sensitivity in complex electrochemical environments. These attributes play a unique role in understanding how ion transport inside electrode nanomaterials and across interfaces under the dynamic conditions within working batteries. This review aims to gain an in-depth insight into the latest developments of in-situ TEM imaging techniques for probing the interfacial nanostructures of electrochemical energy storage systems, including atomic-scale structural imaging, strain field imaging, electron holography, and integrated differential phase contrast imaging. Significant examples will be described to highlight the fundamental understanding of atomic-scale and nanoscale mechanisms from employing state-of-the-art imaging techniques to visualize structural evolution, ionic valence state changes, and strain mapping, ion transport dynamics. The review concludes by providing a perspective discussion of future directions of the development and application of in-situ TEM techniques in the field of electrochemical energy storage systems.
在电化学储能系统中，控制电极界面的能力对于实现理想的电化学性能至关重要。然而，要具备这种能力，需要深入了解电化学操作条件下电极的详细界面纳米结构。原位透射电子显微镜（TEM）是在复杂电化学环境中以高时空分辨率和高灵敏度揭示电化学储能机制的最强大技术之一。这些特性在理解工作电池动态条件下电极纳米材料内部以及跨界面的离子传输方式方面发挥着独特作用。本综述旨在深入洞察用于探测电化学储能系统界面纳米结构的原位TEM成像技术的最新进展，包括原子尺度结构成像、应变场成像、电子全息术和集成微分相衬成像。将描述一些重要实例，以突出通过采用先进成像技术可视化结构演变、离子价态变化和应变映射、离子传输动力学，从而对原子尺度和纳米尺度机制有基本的理解。综述最后对原位TEM技术在电化学储能系统领域的未来发展和应用方向进行了前瞻性讨论。
