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“一个并非真正为我优化的系统”:影响自闭症大学生获取信息的因素

"A System That Wasn't Really Optimized for Me": Factors Influencing Autistic University Students' Access to Information.

作者信息

Stockwell Kayden M, Robertson Zoë S, Lampi Andrew J, Steinmann Talyn, Morgan Erline, Jaswal Vikram K

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

出版信息

Autism Adulthood. 2025 Apr 3;7(2):171-184. doi: 10.1089/aut.2023.0139. eCollection 2025 Apr.


DOI:10.1089/aut.2023.0139
PMID:40309024
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12038332/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: More autistic adults pursue higher education each year, but rates of mental health conditions and graduation rates suggest that they are not being adequately supported. In this qualitative study, we report on factors that influence how autistic university students learn about the resources and opportunities available to help students succeed in higher education. METHODS: We interviewed 14 autistic students at a public university in the United States as part of a larger project to understand the campus climate for autistic students. Participants were interviewed either in groups or individually via Zoom, or asynchronously over email. We used reflexive thematic analysis to identify patterns of meaning across the data set and provide a theoretically informed interpretation of autistic university students' access to information about resources and opportunities. RESULTS: We constructed two themes related to the difficulties autistic students face in accessing information. The first theme was Challenges Navigating the Interactions Required to Access Information. This theme positions participants' accounts of difficulty accessing socially mediated information within a reciprocal framework. The second theme was University Expectations Limit Information Access. This theme explains how university expectations, practices, and policies that were not designed with autistic students in mind can serve as a barrier to information access. CONCLUSIONS: Our participants' experiences highlighted how access to information about the resources and opportunities that could support their success can impact not only their academic and interpersonal experiences but also their sense of belonging to their university community. By better understanding the multiple, interacting factors that influence autistic university students' access to information-and subsequently, resources and opportunities-we can move toward informed, structural changes in higher education that will provide more equitable access to autistic people. ABSTRACT: More autistic people go to university every year, but many struggle, and universities are still learning how to support autistic students. Many universities have resources for students, but these are only helpful if you know about them and how to access them. ABSTRACT: We wanted to understand autistic students' experiences at a particular university and to give recommendations to the university on how to better support their students. After we interviewed autistic students, we noticed that all of them had trouble accessing information about resources and opportunities that could have supported them. We wanted to learn about what influences autistic students' access to information about resources and opportunities in university settings. ABSTRACT: We interviewed 14 autistic students at a university in the United States. We asked them questions about their academic and social experiences, about the support they received or did not receive, and about how to better support autistic students. A team of autistic and non-autistic researchers read participants' responses and looked for common themes across the interviews. ABSTRACT: We found that autistic university students' access to information about resources and opportunities was influenced by multiple factors. For example, students often have to talk to someone to learn about a resource or get help, and this was hard for many participants. We also found that the way that universities share information is not designed with autistic people in mind. For example, many universities share information about resources at crowded events. It can also be difficult to get information about disability-related resources. Participants recommended that universities share information in low sensory environments, help autistic students connect with each other, and make it easier to learn about and access disability-related resources. ABSTRACT: Most research on this topic has been about how autistic university students find information in university libraries. We were interested in how autistic students access information in many different situations. This study suggests steps we can take to make information more accessible for autistic students, which could help students connect to resources they need. ABSTRACT: One weakness is that most of the autistic university students we interviewed were White and from highly educated family backgrounds. We also only interviewed people who were current students or had recently graduated. Because we did not speak with many autistic students of color, autistic students who were the first in their family to attend university, or with autistic students who left university before graduating, our recommendations may only be helpful to some autistic students. ABSTRACT: One goal of this study was to provide recommendations on how to better support autistic students at the university where the study was conducted. We hope that the recommendations will be helpful as university administrators and educators and autistic students work together to make universities more inclusive places.

摘要

背景:每年有越来越多的自闭症成年人接受高等教育,但心理健康状况和毕业率表明他们没有得到充分的支持。在这项定性研究中,我们报告了影响自闭症大学生了解有助于他们在高等教育中取得成功的资源和机会的因素。 方法:作为一个更大项目的一部分,我们在美国一所公立大学采访了14名自闭症学生,以了解自闭症学生的校园氛围。参与者通过Zoom进行小组或个人访谈,或通过电子邮件进行异步访谈。我们使用反思性主题分析来识别数据集中的意义模式,并对自闭症大学生获取资源和机会信息的情况进行理论指导的解释。 结果:我们构建了两个与自闭症学生在获取信息方面面临的困难相关的主题。第一个主题是获取信息所需互动中的挑战。这个主题将参与者关于获取社会中介信息困难的描述置于一个互惠框架内。第二个主题是大学期望限制信息获取。这个主题解释了那些没有考虑到自闭症学生而制定的大学期望、做法和政策如何成为信息获取的障碍。 结论:我们参与者的经历凸显了获取有关能够支持他们成功的资源和机会的信息如何不仅会影响他们的学术和人际经历,还会影响他们对大学社区的归属感。通过更好地理解影响自闭症大学生获取信息——以及随之而来的资源和机会——的多种相互作用因素,我们可以朝着高等教育中明智的结构性变革迈进,为自闭症患者提供更公平的机会。 摘要:每年有更多自闭症患者进入大学,但许多人面临困难,而大学仍在学习如何支持自闭症学生。许多大学为学生提供资源,但只有当你了解这些资源以及如何获取它们时,它们才会有帮助。 摘要:我们想了解自闭症学生在某所特定大学的经历,并就如何更好地支持他们向该大学提出建议。在采访自闭症学生后,我们注意到他们所有人在获取有关可能支持他们的资源和机会的信息方面都有困难。我们想了解是什么影响自闭症学生在大学环境中获取有关资源和机会的信息。 摘要:我们在美国一所大学采访了14名自闭症学生。我们询问了他们关于学术和社交经历、他们得到或未得到的支持,以及如何更好地支持自闭症学生的问题。一组自闭症和非自闭症研究人员阅读了参与者的回答,并在访谈中寻找共同主题。 摘要:我们发现自闭症大学生获取有关资源和机会的信息受到多种因素的影响。例如,学生通常必须与某人交谈才能了解一项资源或获得帮助,而这对许多参与者来说很困难。我们还发现大学分享信息的方式没有考虑到自闭症患者。例如,许多大学在拥挤的活动中分享有关资源的信息。获取与残疾相关的资源也可能很困难。参与者建议大学在低感官环境中分享信息,帮助自闭症学生相互联系,并使了解和获取与残疾相关的资源变得更容易。 摘要:关于这个主题的大多数研究都集中在自闭症大学生如何在大学图书馆中查找信息。我们感兴趣的是自闭症学生在许多不同情况下如何获取信息。这项研究提出了我们可以采取的措施,以使信息对自闭症学生更易获取,这有助于学生连接到他们需要的资源。 摘要:一个弱点是,我们采访的大多数自闭症大学生是白人,且来自受过高等教育的家庭背景。我们也只采访了在校学生或最近毕业的人。由于我们没有与许多有色人种自闭症学生、家庭中第一个上大学的自闭症学生或未毕业就离开大学的自闭症学生交谈,我们的建议可能只对某些自闭症学生有帮助。 摘要:这项研究的一个目标是就如何在进行研究的大学更好地支持自闭症学生提出建议。我们希望这些建议在大学管理人员、教育工作者和自闭症学生共同努力使大学更具包容性时会有所帮助。

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Turn-timing in conversations between autistic adults: Typical short-gap transitions are preferred, but not achieved instantly.

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Autism Adulthood. 2023-3-1

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Autism Adulthood. 2022-12-1

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