Gonzalez Casanova Ines, Klingensmith Rachel, Myers Barbara A, Anwar Farrah, de Groot Mary
Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Indiana University School of Medicine, Diabetes Translational Research Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Front Psychol. 2025 Apr 16;16:1496183. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496183. eCollection 2025.
We explored if diabetes status predicted differences in behavioral pathways associated with staying home at the beginning of the coronavirus-19 infectious disease (COVID-19), wearing a mask, and vaccinating in a convenience sample of US adults over a 12-month period of the COVID-19 pandemic (from May 2020 through June 2021).
We included participants who completed web-based surveys in May-June, 2020 (baseline), and at the 6-, 9-, 11- and 12- months follow-ups ( = 966). We collected information on demographic characteristics (baseline) and surveys with Likert-scale type questions to assess Health Beliefs Model and Theory of Planned Behavior constructs related to staying home (6-month), wearing masks in public spaces (9-month), and receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (11- and 12- month). Structural equation modeling was conducted to assess behavioral pathways and direct and indirect associations with diabetes.
Constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Health Beliefs Model explained intention to stay home, to wear a mask, to vaccinate, and COVID-19 vaccination status. Diabetes status predicted intention to stay home directly ( = 0.21, < 0.05) and indirectly through perceived severity (β = 0.11, < 0.01). Overall, diabetes status was not associated with intention to wear a mask or vaccination.
Findings from this study highlight relevant pathways that can be leveraged to promote preventive behaviors in people with diabetes.
我们探讨了在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的12个月期间（从2020年5月至2021年6月），在美国成年人的便利样本中，糖尿病状况是否能预测与居家、戴口罩和接种疫苗相关的行为途径的差异。
我们纳入了在2020年5月至6月（基线）以及在6个月、9个月、11个月和12个月随访时完成网络调查的参与者（n = 966）。我们收集了人口统计学特征信息（基线），并通过李克特量表式问题进行调查，以评估与居家（6个月）、在公共场所戴口罩（9个月）以及接种COVID-19疫苗（11个月和12个月）相关的健康信念模型和计划行为理论结构。进行结构方程模型分析以评估行为途径以及与糖尿病的直接和间接关联。
计划行为理论和健康信念模型的结构解释了居家、戴口罩、接种疫苗的意愿以及COVID-19疫苗接种状况。糖尿病状况直接预测了居家意愿（β = 0.21，P < 0.05），并通过感知严重性间接预测（β = 0.11，P < 0.01）。总体而言，糖尿病状况与戴口罩或接种疫苗的意愿无关。
本研究结果突出了可用于促进糖尿病患者预防行为的相关途径。
