Culturally responsive recommendations for eating disorder prevention and management for First Nations peoples in Australia: a policy scoping review.

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests First Nations people in Australia may experience a higher burden of eating disorders (EDs) than the broader Australian population. EDs are among the most debilitating and lethal mental health conditions; however, little is known about the unique considerations for First Nations people experiencing EDs, especially around best practices. This policy scoping review aims to map the current recommendations for managing EDs specific to First Nations peoples and to identify further research opportunities.

METHODS

We conducted targeted searches of electronic databases and health websites (n = 53) for policies, reports, toolkits/guidelines, and fact sheets that contained any information regarding First Nations peoples and ED to identify and select papers as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Target groups included ED-specific bodies, various National and State Government departments, Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations (ACCOs), and other relevant services. Included documents were analysed using Both-Ways Collaborative Yarning and Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

RESULTS

We identified 398 eligible documents; after double screening by two researchers, 19 documents were included in our review. Our analysis revealed a distinct need for recommendations for the prevention and management of EDs specific to First Nations peoples. The included documents focus on (a) the potential drivers for EDs, (b) the significant research deficit, and (c) recommendations for future research to inform practice.

CONCLUSIONS

Our analysis found no clear policy recommendations for the prevention or management of EDs specific to First Nations peoples. Further, research and policies specific to First Nations peoples and communities around EDs are sorely needed. Additionally, this work must be led, informed by and involve the meaningful inclusion of First Nations peoples.