Gillam L D, Kaul S, Fallon J T, Levine R A, Hedley-Whyte E T, Guerrero J L, Weyman A E
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 Sep;6(3):687-94. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80132-7.
Myocardial contrast echocardiography can define in vivo the area at risk for necrosis after coronary occlusion. However, if this technique is to be used, it cannot be intrinsically toxic to the heart or other critical organs. To determine the functional and pathologic effects of contrast echocardiography, six intracoronary, six intrarenal and six intracarotid artery injections of 2 to 6 cc of a commonly employed contrast agent (agitated Renografin-saline solution) were performed in five dogs. A sixth dog served as a sham to assess any deleterious effects of the model preparation. Two-dimensional echocardiographic images and electrocardiograms were recorded during intracoronary injections, and heart rate, blood pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt) were continuously monitored. At 24 hours, echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements were repeated, the dogs were killed and the heart, brain and kidneys were removed and prepared for light microscopic examination. Quantitative analysis of left ventricular wall motion was performed on control, peak contrast, post-contrast and 24 hour studies. With each intracoronary injection, there were transient decreases in blood pressure (p = 0.05 versus control) and increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (p = 0.04 versus control). These were associated with depression of wall motion in contrast-enhanced regions (p = 0.01 versus control) and ST-T segment changes on the electrocardiogram. No significant change in heart rate or left ventricular dP/dt was noted. All variables normalized with the clearance of the contrast effect and remained normal to 24 hours. Light microscopic examination revealed no myocardial or cerebral changes attributable to the contrast agent injections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
心肌对比超声心动图能够在体内确定冠状动脉闭塞后有坏死风险的区域。然而，如果要使用这项技术，它对心脏或其他重要器官不能具有内在毒性。为了确定对比超声心动图的功能和病理影响，对五只狗进行了冠状动脉内、肾动脉内和颈动脉内注射，每次注射2至6毫升常用的造影剂（振荡的泛影葡胺 - 盐水溶液），每种注射方式各进行6次。第六只狗作为假手术对照，以评估模型制备的任何有害影响。在冠状动脉内注射期间记录二维超声心动图图像和心电图，并持续监测心率、血压、左心室舒张末期压力和左心室压力上升速率（dP/dt）。在24小时时，重复进行超声心动图和血流动力学测量，处死狗后取出心脏、脑和肾脏并准备进行光镜检查。在对照、造影剂峰值、造影剂注射后和24小时研究中对左心室壁运动进行定量分析。每次冠状动脉内注射后，血压短暂下降（与对照组相比，p = 0.05），左心室舒张末期压力升高（与对照组相比，p = 0.04）。这些与造影剂增强区域的壁运动抑制（与对照组相比，p = 0.01）和心电图上的ST - T段变化相关。未观察到心率或左心室dP/dt有显著变化。随着造影剂效应的清除，所有变量恢复正常，并在24小时内保持正常。光镜检查未发现归因于造影剂注射的心肌或脑部变化。（摘要截取自250字）
