Aram D M, Ekelman B L, Ben-Shachar G, Levinsohn M W
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 Oct;6(4):889-93. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80500-3.
Previous studies have reported lower intelligence for cyanotic than for acyanotic children with congenital heart disorders, a finding attributed to the degree of hypoxemia present. Several important variables have not been examined consistently, however, including coexisting neurologic or genetic disorders, definitive surgery, degree of sickness, age at testing sex and social class. The present study examined the relation of these variables to obtained intelligence measures for 82 consecutively admitted children, excluding children with abnormal neurologic examinations and those having received definitive surgery. Consistent with earlier reports, intelligence quotients for the acyanotic children (112.81 +/- 14.52 mean +/- SD) were significantly higher (t = 2.60; p = 0.006) than for the cyanotic group (103.50 +/- 15.81). Although sex, race and social class were not significantly different between the 28 cyanotic and the 54 acyanotic children, the cyanotic children were significantly sicker (x2 = 9.12; p = 0.005) and younger (t = 4.10; p = 0.001). However, when young and old children and the degree of sickness within cyanotic and acyanotic groups were compared, no significant differences were found. These findings demonstrate that intelligence differences between cyanotic and acyanotic children persist when the effect of neurologic abnormalities and definitive surgery is removed and remain despite the severity of sickness or child's age at testing.
先前的研究报告称，患有先天性心脏病的青紫型儿童的智力低于非青紫型儿童，这一发现归因于当时存在的低氧血症程度。然而，几个重要变量尚未得到一致研究，包括并存的神经或遗传疾病、确定性手术、疾病严重程度、测试时的年龄、性别和社会阶层。本研究调查了这些变量与82名连续入院儿童的智力测量结果之间的关系，排除了神经检查异常的儿童和接受过确定性手术的儿童。与早期报告一致，非青紫型儿童的智商（平均±标准差为112.81±14.52）显著高于青紫型儿童组（103.50±15.81）（t = 2.60；p = 0.006）。虽然28名青紫型儿童和54名非青紫型儿童在性别、种族和社会阶层方面没有显著差异，但青紫型儿童病情更严重（x2 = 9.12；p = 0.005）且年龄更小（t = 4.10；p = 0.001）。然而，当比较青紫型和非青紫型组内的年幼儿童和年长儿童以及疾病严重程度时，未发现显著差异。这些发现表明，当去除神经异常和确定性手术的影响后，青紫型和非青紫型儿童之间的智力差异仍然存在，并且尽管疾病严重程度或测试时儿童的年龄不同，这种差异依然存在。
