Tadesse Ashenafi, Ayele Zerihun Abera, Mekonnen Megnot Hailu, Mesfin Sinetibeb, Abebe Dawit
School Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Apr 17;12:1533707. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1533707. eCollection 2025.
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is often a complication of hypertension and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. In Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of data on the prevalence and associated factors of left ventricular hypertrophy among hypertensive adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of left ventricular hypertrophy among adult patients with hypertension attending treatment at two public hospitals in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia from 20 December 2021 to 20 December 2023.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 hypertensive patients from 20 December 2021 to 20 December 2023. A pretested structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data from participants and their clinical records. The data were collected by trained residents and interns. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 29. Left ventricular mass was measured by transthoracic echocardiography. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using a chi-square test and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. A logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors of LVH. -values of <0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
The study included 264 adults with hypertension, with a mean age of 58.4 years, and the majority (54.5%) were male. The prevalence of echocardiographically confirmed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was 30.7% (95% CI: 25.1%-36.3%), with mild LVH being the most common type (51%). Significant predictors of LVH included age over 60 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.981, CI = 1.832-19.522, = 0.003], khat chewing (AOR = 2.676, CI = 1.786-9.109, = 0.001), diabetes (AOR = 10.430, CI = 2.904-37.454, < 0.001), poor medication adherence (AOR = 4.132, CI = 1.208-14.141, = 0.024), uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (AOR = 8.340, CI = 2.280-30.512, = 0.001), lack of home blood pressure monitoring (AOR = 5.591, CI = 1.041-30.012, = 0.045), and longer hypertension duration (AOR = 8.766, CI = 2.101-36.584, = 0.003). These findings emphasize the need to address modifiable risk factors in managing hypertension to reduce the burden of LVH.
The echocardiographic prevalence of LVH was 30.7% in the study population. These results highlight the importance of addressing modifiable risks to reduce LVH burden.
左心室肥厚（LVH）通常是高血压的并发症，也是心血管事件的独立危险因素。在埃塞俄比亚，关于高血压成年患者中左心室肥厚的患病率及相关因素的数据匮乏。本研究旨在评估2021年12月20日至2023年12月20日期间在埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒尔的两家公立医院接受治疗的成年高血压患者中左心室肥厚的患病率及相关因素。
2021年12月20日至2023年12月20日，对264例高血压患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷和检查表从参与者及其临床记录中收集数据。数据由经过培训的住院医师和实习医师收集。使用SPSS 29版软件进行数据分析。通过经胸超声心动图测量左心室质量。使用卡方检验和95%置信区间的比值比评估分类变量之间的关联。采用逻辑回归模型确定左心室肥厚的危险因素。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
该研究纳入了264例成年高血压患者，平均年龄为58.4岁，大多数（54.5%）为男性。经超声心动图证实的左心室肥厚（LVH）患病率为30.7%（95%CI：25.1%-36.3%），轻度左心室肥厚是最常见的类型（51%）。左心室肥厚的显著预测因素包括60岁以上（调整后的比值比[AOR]=5.981，CI=1.832-19.522，P=0.003）、咀嚼巧茶（AOR=2.676，CI=1.786-9.109，P=0.001）、糖尿病（AOR=10.430，CI=2.904-37.454，P<0.001）、药物依从性差（AOR=4.132，CI=1.208-14.141，P=0.024）、收缩压未得到控制（AOR=8.340，CI=2.280-30.512，P=0.001）、缺乏家庭血压监测（AOR=5.591，CI=1.041-30.012，P=0.045）以及高血压病程较长（AOR=8.766，CI=2.101-36.584，P=0.003）。这些发现强调了在管理高血压时应对可改变的危险因素以减轻左心室肥厚负担的必要性。
研究人群中经超声心动图检测的左心室肥厚患病率为30.7%。这些结果凸显了应对可改变风险以减轻左心室肥厚负担的重要性。
