Douglas Claire M, Newell Marnie, Goruk Susan, Courneya Kerry S, Ghosh Sunita, Joy Anil A, Munhoz Jaqueline, Field Catherine J
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 May 2;20(5):e0322178. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322178. eCollection 2025.
Supplementation of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids has been associated with reduced side effects and improved quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The current study reports secondary outcomes from the DHA WIN randomized controlled trial which was designed to evaluate docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation (4.4 g/day) in conjunction with six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) (3 weeks/cycle) in women with non-metastatic breast cancer (n = 49). The objective of the current study was to assess the effects of DHA supplementation on QoL and exercise behaviour in women undergoing NAC for breast cancer. Self-administered questionnaires were used to measure QoL and exercise behaviour before starting chemotherapy (baseline), before each chemotherapy cycle (exercise), and after completing chemotherapy. DHA supplementation did not significantly affect QoL, aerobic exercise volume or resistance training frequency during treatment. However, mean aerobic exercise volume was significantly lower at week 12 (-53.5 minutes/week; 95% CI, -100.5 to -6.3; p = 0.02) and week 18 (-70.8 minutes/week; 95% CI, -123.0 to -18.6; p = 0.01) compared to baseline. Mean resistance training frequency was lower at week 12 (-0.57 times/week; 95% CI, -1.0 to -0.13; p = 0.02) compared to baseline. Meeting exercise guidelines during chemotherapy was not associated with better QoL. In the current exploratory study, QoL and exercise decreased during treatment regardless of DHA supplementation, highlighting the need for supportive care and potential therapies that may mitigate these declines in breast cancer patients receiving NAC. Adequately powered studies are needed to determine if DHA supplementation improves these two indices of health. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03831178).
补充omega-3（n-3）多不饱和脂肪酸与接受化疗的乳腺癌患者副作用减少及生活质量（QoL）改善相关。本研究报告了DHA WIN随机对照试验的次要结果，该试验旨在评估在非转移性乳腺癌女性（n = 49）中，补充二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）（4.4克/天）联合六个周期新辅助化疗（NAC）（3周/周期）的效果。本研究的目的是评估补充DHA对接受乳腺癌NAC治疗的女性的QoL和运动行为的影响。在开始化疗前（基线）、每个化疗周期前（运动）以及化疗完成后，使用自行填写的问卷来测量QoL和运动行为。补充DHA在治疗期间对QoL、有氧运动量或阻力训练频率没有显著影响。然而，与基线相比，第12周（-53.5分钟/周；95%置信区间，-100.5至-6.3；p = 0.02）和第18周（-70.8分钟/周；95%置信区间，-123.0至-18.6；p = 0.01）的平均有氧运动量显著降低。与基线相比，第12周的平均阻力训练频率较低（-0.57次/周；95%置信区间，-1.0至-0.13；p = 0.02）。化疗期间达到运动指南与更好的QoL无关。在这项探索性研究中，无论是否补充DHA，治疗期间QoL和运动均下降，这凸显了对接受NAC的乳腺癌患者提供支持性护理和可能减轻这些下降的潜在疗法的必要性。需要有足够样本量的研究来确定补充DHA是否能改善这两个健康指标。该试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册（NCT03831178）。
