Mechanical properties of the hybrids of natural (alginate, collagen, chitin, cellulose, gelatin, chitosan, silk, and keratin) and synthetic electrospun nanofibers: A review.

Owing to their excellent properties, natural polymers such as collagen, gelatin (GT), chitosan (CS), silk, and keratin have broad application prospects in biomedical engineering. However, their practical application is often limited by their poor mechanical strength and difficult desorption. At the same time, synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly-glycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and poly-caprolactone (PCL) show good mechanical strength and biodegradability, but their unpredictable biocompatibility, toxicity, and inflammatory responses make them unsuitable for specific applications. Thus, hybrid materials combining natural and synthetic polymers may simultaneously exhibit excellent mechanical and biological properties, representing an attractive area of biomaterial research. Recently, the fabrication of hybrid nanofibers through electrospinning has attracted considerable interest because of the simplicity, inexpensiveness, and high efficiency of this method. This review summarizes the preparation details and properties of recently developed electrospun hybrid nanofibers and addresses the improvement in mechanical properties brought by combining natural and synthetic polymers.