Chromosome-level genome assembly of Protandrena (Anthemurgus) passiflorae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), a host-plant specialist bee.

The passion flower bee, Protandrena (Anthemurgus) passiflorae (Robertson) is a monolectic, host-plant specialist of the passion flower plant Passiflora lutea L. Using a single adult male individual, we generated long-read PacBio HiFi, HiC, and short-read RNA sequencing data to build a well-annotated, chromosome-level genome assembly for this species. The final nuclear genome is 249 Mb with 150 × coverage and with most of the genome scaffolding into 12 chromosomes. The scaffold N50 is 21.4 Mb and the genome has a Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog score of 97.2% for 5991 hymenopteran genes. BRAKER3 annotation of the genome identified 12,098 genes and 15,353 total transcripts and found that 20.27% of the genome is made up of repetitive elements. We resolved a mitochondrial genome of 12.7 kb. The P. passiflorae genome represents one of only a few published andrenid bee genomes and one of the first monolectic bees. This new high-quality genome will serve as a valuable resource for investigating the genomic basis of specialization and for providing a useful resource for studying pollinator health and conservation.