Huo Jinlong, Liu Zhipeng, Zhang Xia, Li Changyao, Xiang Decai, Fu Guowen, Lin Wan, Wu Lingxiang, Gong Shaorong, Zhao Jiading, Wang Zhen, Wang Xiaohong, Xiao Zhiping, Hao Fanfan, Ren Yue, Sun Yu H, Zhao Guiying
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
Department of Biological and Food Engineering, Lyuliang University, Lvliang, 033001, Shanxi, China.
Sci Data. 2025 May 3;12(1):735. doi: 10.1038/s41597-025-05070-0.
High-altitude hypoxia acclimatization requires comprehensive physiological regulation in highland immigrants, yet the genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Yunnan's vertical zoning with pig breeds distributed across varying elevations provides an excellent model for investigating hypoxic adaptation. Here, we examined three indigenous Yunnan pig breeds: Diannan small-ear pigs (DSE, 500 m), Baoshan pigs (BS, 1500 m), and Diqing Tibetan pigs (DT, 3200 m). Using PacBio Iso-Seq, we obtained comprehensive full-length transcriptomes from five tissues (heart, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen), identifying 51,774 transcripts, including 34,813 novel ones, 74,843 Alternative Splicing (AS) events across 10,686 AS genes and pinpointed five actin-binding genes through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Our research significantly improved porcine genome annotation and provided a high-quality transcriptome resource for investigating the genetic mechanisms of high-altitude hypoxia adaptation. This work lays a solid foundation for future studies in genetics, evolutionary biology, and environmental adaptation.
高原低氧适应需要高原移民进行全面的生理调节，但其遗传机制仍不清楚。云南猪种在不同海拔高度分布的垂直地带性为研究低氧适应提供了一个绝佳模型。在此，我们研究了三个云南本土猪种：滇南小耳猪（DSE，海拔500米）、保山猪（BS，海拔1500米）和迪庆藏猪（DT，海拔3200米）。利用PacBio Iso-Seq技术，我们从五个组织（心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺和脾脏）获得了全面的全长转录组，鉴定出51,774个转录本，其中包括34,813个新转录本，在10,686个可变剪接（AS）基因中发现了74,843个可变剪接事件，并通过加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）确定了五个肌动蛋白结合基因。我们的研究显著改善了猪基因组注释，并为研究高原低氧适应的遗传机制提供了高质量的转录组资源。这项工作为未来遗传学、进化生物学和环境适应性研究奠定了坚实基础。
