Fu Shibo, Jiang Songyu, Wang Shengjie, Wang Xiaoe
Zhejiang College of Security Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jun;384:125437. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125437. Epub 2025 May 5.
Under the global sustainable development framework, China urgently needs to achieve a green transition and entrepreneurial development under the "dual carbon" goals. This study aims to explore the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics and improvement pathways of sustainable entrepreneurship efficiency (SEE) in China. Using entrepreneurship and environment data from 30 provinces between 2007 and 2022, a dynamic DEA model was constructed to measure SEE based on multiple input-output indicators comprehensively. Furthermore, methods such as kernel density functions, Dagum Gini coefficients, and spatial Markov chains were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of efficiency. A dynamic panel fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) model was adopted to identify the key factors and configurational pathways affecting SEE from six dimensions: education level, Research and development(R&D) capability, industrial structure, urbanization level, government support, and financial support. The results indicate significant regional disparities in China's sustainable entrepreneurship efficiency. Further analysis identifies five tailored efficiency improvement pathways to meet the differentiated development needs of central, coastal, and western regions. The findings reveal that while China leads in the quantity of sustainable entrepreneurship, quality, and regional balance gaps exist. Therefore, recommendations such as promoting green technology innovation, improving policy support systems, and optimizing regional resource allocation and industrial structures are proposed. These measures provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for achieving coordinated economic and environmental development.
在全球可持续发展框架下，中国迫切需要在“双碳”目标下实现绿色转型和创业发展。本研究旨在探讨中国可持续创业效率（SEE）的时空动态特征及提升路径。利用2007年至2022年30个省份的创业与环境数据，构建动态DEA模型，基于多投入产出指标综合测度SEE。此外，运用核密度函数、达古姆基尼系数和空间马尔可夫链等方法分析效率的时空演变特征。采用动态面板模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）模型，从教育水平、研发（R&D）能力、产业结构、城市化水平、政府支持和金融支持六个维度识别影响SEE的关键因素和组态路径。结果表明，中国可持续创业效率存在显著的区域差异。进一步分析确定了五条针对性的效率提升路径，以满足中部、沿海和西部地区的差异化发展需求。研究结果表明，中国在可持续创业数量上领先，但在质量和区域平衡差距方面仍存在问题。因此，提出了促进绿色技术创新、完善政策支持体系、优化区域资源配置和产业结构等建议。这些措施为实现经济与环境协调发展提供了理论启示和实践指导。
