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通过集成深度学习和Transformer模型提高肺癌检测能力

Enhancing lung cancer detection through integrated deep learning and transformer models.

作者信息

Durgam Revathi, Panduri Bharathi, Balaji V, Khadidos Adil O, Khadidos Alaa O, Selvarajan Shitharth

机构信息

Department of Data Science, AVN Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India.

Department of Information Technology, Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 May 4;15(1):15614. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00516-2.

Abstract

Lung cancer has been stated as one of the prevalent killers of cancer up to this present time and this clearly underlines the rationale for early diagnosis to enhance life expectancy of patients afflicted with the condition. The reasons behind the usage of the transformer and deep learning classifiers for the detection of lung cancer include accuracy, robustness along with the capability to handle and evaluate large data sets and much more. Such models can be more complex and can help to utilize multiple modalities of data to give extensive information that will be critical in ascertaining the right diagnosis at the right time. However, the existing works encounter several limitations including reliance on large annotated data, overfitting, high computation complexity, and interpretability. Third, the issue of the stability of these models' performance when applied to actual clinical datasets is still an open question; this is an even bigger issue that will greatly reduce the actual utilization of these models in clinical practice. To tackle these, we develop a novel Cancer Nexus Synergy (CanNS), which applies of A. Swin-Transformer UNet (SwiNet) Model for segmentation, Xception-LSTM GAN (XLG) CancerNet for classification, and Devilish Levy Optimization (DevLO) for fine-tuning parameters. This paper breaks new ground in that the presented elements are incorporated in a manner that co-operatively elevates the diagnostic capabilities while at the same time being computationally light and resilient. These are SwiNet for segmented analysis, XLG CancerNet for precise classification of the cases, and DevLO that optimizes the parameters of the lung cancer detection system, making the system more sensible and efficient. The performance outcomes indicate that the CanNS framework enhances the detection's accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to the previous approaches.

摘要

肺癌一直被认为是目前最常见的癌症杀手之一,这清楚地凸显了早期诊断对于提高肺癌患者预期寿命的重要性。使用变压器和深度学习分类器来检测肺癌的原因包括准确性、鲁棒性,以及处理和评估大型数据集的能力等等。这样的模型可能更复杂,并且有助于利用多种数据模式来提供广泛的信息,这对于在正确的时间做出正确的诊断至关重要。然而,现有研究存在一些局限性,包括依赖大量带注释的数据、过拟合、高计算复杂度和可解释性。第三,这些模型应用于实际临床数据集时性能的稳定性问题仍然是一个悬而未决的问题;这是一个更大的问题,将大大降低这些模型在临床实践中的实际利用率。为了解决这些问题,我们开发了一种新颖的癌症关联协同(CanNS)方法,它应用A. Swin-Transformer UNet(SwiNet)模型进行分割,Xception-LSTM GAN(XLG)CancerNet进行分类,并使用恶魔利维优化(DevLO)来微调参数。本文的创新之处在于,所提出的元素以一种协同提升诊断能力的方式结合在一起,同时计算量小且具有弹性。这些元素包括用于分割分析的SwiNet、用于精确分类病例的XLG CancerNet,以及优化肺癌检测系统参数的DevLO,从而使系统更加灵敏和高效。性能结果表明,与以前的方法相比,CanNS框架提高了检测的准确性、敏感性和特异性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5eb4/12050323/4b00487d7cf0/41598_2025_516_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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