Anatomo-pathological aspects of pelvic organ prolapse: analytical study of round and utero-sacral ligaments of Congolese women during the mass campaign in two hospitals of city of Kananga.

INTRODUCTION

pelvic organ prolapse is the falling into or out of the vaginal cavity of the uterus or rectum or bladder lined with vaginal walls due to several lesions of the ligaments and fascia of the pelvic floor marked by their weakening or hypotonia. The objective of our present study is to determine the anatomo-pathological aspects associated with pelvic organ prolapse during the surgical care campaign in the hospitals of Bon-Berger and of Saint-Georges of the city of Kananga in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

METHODS

this is an analytical study based on the morphological anatomo-pathological examination of the round and uterosacral ligaments of 100 consenting patients divided into two groups with and without pelvic organ prolapse treated in the Gynecology Departments of Bon-Berger hospitals in Tshikaji and Saint-Georges in Katoka in the city of Kananga, from January 1 to July 31, 2023. Non-probability convenience sampling helped in the selection of cases. The Anova test and the Chi test are used in statistical analyses.

RESULTS

the average age of our patients with pelvic organ prolapse was 57.18 (SD: 8.17) years and their average parity was 7.76 (SD: 1.04) delivery. This average parity was significantly increased compared to those of patients without prolapse. Fibrosis was present in 92% of cases of pelvic organ prolapses, congestion in 62%, inflammatory infiltrate in 54%, and smooth muscle in 22% of cases; the comparison of patients with pelvic organ prolapse to those without prolapse did not find statistically significant differences between these two groups concerning the presence of fibrosis, congestion, the inflammatory infiltrate, and smooth muscle.

CONCLUSION

pelvic organ prolapse is a fibrotic and inflammatory disease not significant and the search for inflammatory and fibrotic markers is essential in our city of Kananga in Democratic Republic of Congo.