Camacho Rodríguez Raúl, Araiza Téllez Miguel Á, Rodríguez Chávez Jacqueline A, Alvarado López Francisco J, García Pérez Alvaro
Iztacala Faculty of Higher Studies, National Autonomous University of México, State of México, México.
Laboratory of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México, (UNAM), CDMX, México.
Am J Dent. 2025 Apr;38(2):100-104.
To compare the microhardness, microroughness, and topography of the enamel surface via Vickers microhardness, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and profilometry values before and after the use of 32% and 37% acetic acid and 32% phosphoric acid.
Four groups were established: Group 1: control group; Group 2: phosphoric acid gel (Scotchbond Universal Etchant) at 32%; Group 3: 32% acetic acid gel; and Group 4: 37% acetic acid gel. The microhardness was determined with a Vickers indenter (VHN). The topography and microroughness of the enamel were analyzed using 3D images obtained via AFM in tapping mode. Microroughness was determined using a contact profilometer. An ANOVA and paired t-test was used to compare the average VHN and microroughness both before and after the etching of the enamel surface.
Statistically significant differences were found for average microhardness after the conditioning of the enamel surface of the four groups (P< 0.001). The roughness obtained via AFM revealed differences among the four groups after the use of the three different acid gels. The profilometry assay showed significant post-conditioning differences among all groups. Conditioning with 32% acetic acid partially modified the characteristics of the enamel surface to a greater extent than conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid; furthermore, the use of acetic acid generated microretentions that could be effective for adhesion.
Acetic acid, an organic biodegradable acid less corrosive than phosphoric acid, can be used to modify the characteristics of the enamel surface, such as microhardness, topography, and microroughness.
通过维氏显微硬度、原子力显微镜（AFM）以及轮廓仪测量值，比较使用32%和37%的醋酸以及32%的磷酸前后牙釉质表面的显微硬度、微观粗糙度和表面形貌。
设立四组：第一组：对照组；第二组：32%的磷酸凝胶（Scotchbond通用酸蚀剂）；第三组：32%的醋酸凝胶；第四组：37%的醋酸凝胶。使用维氏压头（VHN）测定显微硬度。采用轻敲模式下通过AFM获得的三维图像分析牙釉质的表面形貌和微观粗糙度。使用接触式轮廓仪测定微观粗糙度。采用方差分析和配对t检验比较牙釉质表面酸蚀前后的平均维氏硬度和微观粗糙度。
四组牙釉质表面处理后的平均显微硬度存在统计学显著差异（P<0.001）。使用三种不同的酸凝胶后，通过AFM获得的粗糙度显示四组之间存在差异。轮廓仪检测显示所有组在处理后均存在显著差异。用32%的醋酸处理比用37%的磷酸处理在更大程度上部分改变了牙釉质表面的特性；此外，使用醋酸会产生可有效促进黏附的微固位结构。
醋酸是一种有机可生物降解的酸，腐蚀性比磷酸小，可用于改变牙釉质表面的特性，如显微硬度、表面形貌和微观粗糙度。
