3米向后步行测试在养老院非衰弱、衰弱前期和衰弱老年人中的评分者内与评分者间信度及同时效度

Intrarater and Interrater Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the 3-Meter Backward Walk Test in Non-frail, Pre-frail, and Frail Older Adults in Residential Care Homes.

作者信息

Kapan Ali, Ristic Milos, Konrad Andreas, Waldhoer Thomas

机构信息

Center for Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, 8020 Graz, Austria.

出版信息

Phys Ther. 2025 Jun 2;105(6). doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaf066.

DOI:10.1093/ptj/pzaf066

PMID:40324212

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12206445/

Abstract

IMPORTANCE

Assessing backward walking ability in older adults is crucial due to its strong association with balance, mobility, and fall risk. The 3-meter backward walk test (3MBWT) provides a quick and valid tool for this purpose.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the 3MBWT and to determine its effectiveness in differentiating between different levels of frailty.

DESIGN

This study used a cross-section design.

SETTING

The study was carried out in residential care homes for older adults.

PARTICIPANTS

Participants were able to walk with or without assistance and were excluded if they had a Mini-Mental State Examination score ≤ 17.

INTERVENTIONS

Participants underwent the 3MBWT and the 10-meter walk test (10MWT). In addition, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was administered.

MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S): Frailty was assessed using the SHARE-FI instrument, with participants classified as non-frail, pre-frail, or frail. Reliability of the 3MBWT was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [3,1]), and concurrent validity was assessed using the 10MWT and SPPB. Fall history over the past year was obtained from medical records and participant interviews.

RESULTS

Participants (n = 217) were categorized as non-frail (27%), pre-frail (31%), or frail (42%). The average 3MBWT times were 5.0, 5.9, and 11.8 seconds for participants who were non-frail, pre-frail, and frail, respectively. The 3MBWT showed good to excellent intrarater reliability (ICC = 0.89-0.93) and excellent interrater reliability (ICC = 0.90-0.99). It showed strong correlations with the 10MWT (r = 0.91) and SPPB walking speed (r = 0.94), and a negative correlation with the SPPB total score (r = -0.86). Moderate correlations were found with the Falls Efficacy Scale International (r = 0.71) and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (r = 0.61), and a high correlation with falls in the last 12 months (r = 0.74).

CONCLUSIONS

The 3MBWT is a reliable tool for assessing physical performance and differentiating levels of frailty in older adults, with a strong association with fall history.

RELEVANCE

The 3MBWT offers clinicians a quick, simple, and valid tool for assessing older adults in residential care.

摘要

重要性

评估老年人向后行走能力至关重要，因为它与平衡、行动能力和跌倒风险密切相关。3米向后行走测试（3MBWT）为此提供了一种快速且有效的工具。

目的

本研究的目的是评估3MBWT的可靠性和有效性，并确定其在区分不同衰弱水平方面的有效性。

设计

本研究采用横断面设计。

设置

研究在老年人养老院进行。

参与者

参与者能够在有或没有帮助的情况下行走，如果他们的简易精神状态检查表得分≤17则被排除。

干预措施

参与者接受3MBWT和10米行走测试（10MWT）。此外，还进行了简短体能测试电池（SPPB）。

主要结局和测量指标

使用SHARE-FI工具评估衰弱情况，参与者被分类为非衰弱、衰弱前期或衰弱。使用组内相关系数（ICC[3,1]）评估3MBWT的可靠性，并使用10MWT和SPPB评估同时效度。从医疗记录和参与者访谈中获取过去一年的跌倒史。

结果

参与者（n = 217）被分类为非衰弱（27%）、衰弱前期（31%）或衰弱（42%）。非衰弱、衰弱前期和衰弱参与者的平均3MBWT时间分别为5.0、5.9和11.8秒。3MBWT显示出良好至优秀的评分者内可靠性（ICC = 0.89 - 0.93）和优秀的评分者间可靠性（ICC = 0.90 - 0.99）。它与10MWT（r = 0.91）和SPPB行走速度（r = 0.94）呈强相关，与SPPB总分呈负相关（r = -0.86）。与国际跌倒效能量表（r = 0.71）和多维疲劳量表（r = 0.61）呈中度相关，与过去12个月内的跌倒呈高度相关（r = 0.74）。