Hao Ziyu, Tran Joshua, Lam Amy, Yiu Karen, Tsoi Kelvin
Faculty of Medicine, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2025 May;27(5):e70050. doi: 10.1111/jch.70050.
Elevated blood pressure variability (BPV) is an emerging independent risk factor for increased cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Many studies are exploring the impacts of regular physical exercise on reducing BPV. This study aimed to investigate whether exercise can be an intervention to control for the short-term and long-term BPV. A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO on February 10, 2025. The clinical trials and other observational studies that investigated the effects of exercise on systolic and diastolic BPV were included. There were no limitations on age, blood pressure (BP) category, or the use of antihypertensive medication. Mean differences and standard deviations (SDs) of the BPV measurements were extracted to derive standardized mean differences (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The heterogeneity was assessed by I and random-effect models were performed. Our search identified 8359 studies, of which 25 studies reported BPV outcomes. Fifteen clinical trials compared the short-term BPV among participants with or without exercise. Exercise interventions can significantly reduce both systolic BPV (SMD [95% CI] = -0.37[-0.61 to -0.12]) and diastolic BPV (-0.48 [-0.72 to -0.23]). The benefits are stronger for those with hypertension. Different types of exercise were compared in the network meta-analyses, and aerobic exercise showed more benefits than other types of exercise to improve BPV, especially on the diastolic BPV when it was compared with no exercise (-2.52 [-4.05 to -0.99]). No evidence was observed for the long-term BPV. Exercise interventions effectively reduce the variability of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Aerobic exercise is shown to be more effective in reducing diastolic BPV versus no exercise.
血压变异性（BPV）升高是心血管疾病（CVD）增加的一个新出现的独立危险因素。许多研究正在探索规律体育锻炼对降低BPV的影响。本研究旨在调查运动是否可以作为一种控制短期和长期BPV的干预措施。于2025年2月10日在MEDLINE、Embase和PsycINFO上进行了文献检索。纳入了调查运动对收缩压和舒张压BPV影响的临床试验和其他观察性研究。对年龄、血压类别或抗高血压药物的使用没有限制。提取BPV测量值的平均差异和标准差（SD）以得出具有95%置信区间（CI）的标准化平均差异（SMD）。通过I评估异质性并进行随机效应模型分析。我们的检索确定了8359项研究，其中25项研究报告了BPV结果。15项临床试验比较了运动组和非运动组参与者的短期BPV。运动干预可显著降低收缩压BPV（SMD[95%CI]=-0.37[-0.61至-0.12]）和舒张压BPV（-0.48[-0.72至-0.23]）。对高血压患者的益处更强。在网状荟萃分析中比较了不同类型的运动，有氧运动在改善BPV方面比其他类型的运动显示出更多益处，尤其是与不运动相比时对舒张压BPV的影响（-2.52[-4.05至-0.99]）。未观察到运动对长期BPV影响的证据。运动干预可有效降低收缩压和舒张压（DBP）的变异性。与不运动相比，有氧运动在降低舒张压BPV方面更有效。
