Haselgruber Alexander, Weindl-Wagner Dina, Zagaria Andrea, Zajec Karin, Noske Judith, Lueger-Schuster Brigitte
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Hinterbrühl, Federal Clinic Baden-Mödling, Hinterbrühl, Austria.
Unit of Psychotraumatology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025 Dec;16(1):2493025. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2025.2493025. Epub 2025 May 6.
The 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) introduces Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) as two distinct trauma-related disorders. The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is the most widely used measure of assessment and has been adapted for use in children and adolescents (ITQ-CA), but a corresponding caregiver version is still missing. We aimed to close this gap by adapting the ITQ-CA and provide an initial validation of the ITQ - Caregiver Version (ITQ-CG). A corresponding measure of assessment from caregiver-perspective is integral for the use in child psychology, psychiatry and research. Altogether, 326 children and adolescents who attended the department of child and adolescent psychiatry were rated by their caregivers using a set of standardized measures. Excluding patients due to missing data or no trauma exposure, a final sample of 223 patients was analysed. Factorial structure of the ITQ-CG and multiple forms of validity were examined using confirmatory factor, latent class and correlation analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor higher-order model of ICD-11 CPTSD as the factorial structure of the ITQ-CG. Convergent-divergent validity of main- and subscales of the ITQ-CG was evidenced by respective correlations with criterion variables. Latent class analysis supported the discriminant validity of the ITQ-CG, identifying a CPTSD-, PTSD-, DSO- and low symptoms-class. The CPTSD-class was associated with highest rates of comorbid psychopathology and functional impairment. Concurrent validity was evidenced by satisfactory concordance between caregiver- and child-reports. This study provides the construction and initial validation of the ITQ-CG to assess ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD in children and adolescents from caregiver-perspective. We found compelling evidence for the ITQ-CGs validity, identifying it as an easy-to-use screening instrument to assess ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD from caregiver-perspective. The ITQ-CG is freely available for clinicians and researchers.
《国际疾病分类》（ICD - 11）第11版将创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和复杂性创伤后应激障碍（CPTSD）作为两种不同的创伤相关障碍引入。国际创伤问卷（ITQ）是使用最广泛的评估工具，已被改编用于儿童和青少年（ITQ - CA），但相应的照顾者版本仍然缺失。我们旨在通过改编ITQ - CA来填补这一空白，并对ITQ照顾者版本（ITQ - CG）进行初步验证。从照顾者角度进行相应的评估工具对于儿童心理学、精神病学和研究的应用不可或缺。共有326名就诊于儿童和青少年精神病科的儿童和青少年由其照顾者使用一套标准化量表进行评分。排除因数据缺失或无创伤暴露的患者后，对最终的223名患者样本进行分析。使用验证性因素分析、潜在类别分析和相关性分析来检验ITQ - CG的因子结构和多种效度形式。验证性因素分析支持将ICD - 11 CPTSD的双因素高阶模型作为ITQ - CG的因子结构。ITQ - CG主要量表和子量表的聚合区分效度通过与标准变量的各自相关性得到证明。潜在类别分析支持ITQ - CG的区分效度，识别出一个CPTSD类、PTSD类、DSO类和低症状类。CPTSD类与共病精神病理学和功能损害的最高发生率相关。照顾者报告与儿童报告之间令人满意的一致性证明了同时效度。本研究提供了ITQ - CG的构建及初步验证，以便从照顾者角度评估儿童和青少年的ICD - 11 PTSD和CPTSD。我们发现了ITQ - CG效度的有力证据，将其确定为一种易于使用的筛查工具，可从照顾者角度评估ICD - 11 PTSD和CPTSD。ITQ - CG可供临床医生和研究人员免费使用。
