Zhao Ren-Lin, Bai Lu-Qi, Zhao Yu-Lin, Zhou Yi-Tian, Luo Meng
College of Urban Planning and Municipal Engineering, Xi' an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 May 6;44(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00903-5.
There is now a substantial body of evidence supporting the positive impact of urban green spaces on human health and well-being. Most studies in this field have primarily focused on various types of green landscapes. However, there remains a notable gap in research regarding specific green spaces, particularly those associated with linear spatial landscapes, such as pathway spaces. The purpose of this study is to explore the restorative effects of the different types of linear spaces within the campus environments on the students' physical and mental health.
We investigated psycho-physiological responses of the participants in each group (N = 40, 20 ± 2.4 years old) to the environments of pre- and post-visiting the different pathway spaces, including avenue passage space (APS), gallery frame passage space (GPS), waterfront road passage space (WPS), driveway passage space (DPS), and indoor corridor passage space (IPS) (Control group). Physiological factors were examined using heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and psychological evaluation was carried out using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Perceived Restorative Scale (PRS).
The results indicated that SBP, DBP, and HR levels of participants were significantly reduced after visiting APS, FPS, and WPS, whereas remarkable increases in HR were observed in the DPS. The POMS scores for anger-hostility (A-H), fatigue-inertia (F-I), tension-anxiety (T-A), confusion-bewilderment (C-B), and depression-dejection (D-D) were significantly lower, but vigor-activity (V-A) was higher post-visiting than pre-visiting. Furthermore, the participants exhibited significantly reduced anxiety levels and high psychological restoration levels, as indicated by the STAI and PRS. Importantly, the most pronounced changes in measurement indices were observed in the GPS.
Our study demonstrates that exposure to linear spatial landscapes, particularly those featuring abundant landscape elements, safety features, and shelter, such as GPS, holds potential as a therapeutic method for improving physiological functions and as an effective psychological relaxation strategy for students in campus environments.
现在有大量证据支持城市绿地对人类健康和福祉的积极影响。该领域的大多数研究主要集中在各种类型的绿色景观上。然而，关于特定绿地，特别是与线性空间景观相关的绿地，如路径空间的研究仍存在显著差距。本研究的目的是探讨校园环境中不同类型的线性空间对学生身心健康的恢复作用。
我们调查了每组参与者（N = 40，20 ± 2.4岁）在参观不同路径空间（包括林荫道通行空间（APS）、廊道框架通行空间（GPS）、滨水道路通行空间（WPS）、车道通行空间（DPS）和室内走廊通行空间（IPS）（对照组））前后对环境的心理生理反应。使用心率（HR）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）检查生理因素，并使用情绪状态量表（POMS）、状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）和感知恢复量表（PRS）进行心理评估。
结果表明，参与者在参观APS、FPS和WPS后，SBP、DBP和HR水平显著降低，而在DPS中观察到HR显著增加。参观后，愤怒-敌意（A-H）、疲劳-惰性（F-I）、紧张-焦虑（T-A）、困惑-迷茫（C-B）和抑郁-沮丧（D-D）的POMS得分显著降低，但活力-活动（V-A）得分高于参观前。此外，STAI和PRS表明参与者的焦虑水平显著降低，心理恢复水平较高。重要的是，在GPS中观察到测量指标变化最为明显。
我们的研究表明，接触线性空间景观，特别是那些具有丰富景观元素、安全设施和遮蔽物的景观，如GPS，有潜力作为一种改善生理功能的治疗方法，以及校园环境中对学生有效的心理放松策略。
