Shakib Nafiseh Hosseinzadeh, Hashemizadeh Zahra, Zomorodi Abolfazl Rafati, Khashei Reza, Sadeghi Yeganeh, Bazargani Abdollah
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Iran J Microbiol. 2025 Feb;17(1):80-91. doi: 10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17804.
Increasing antimicrobial resistance among strains poses a significant challenge, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs) where these bacteria are common causes of hospital infections. Biofilm production is recognized as a key mechanism contributing to this resistance. This study aims to explore the relationship between biofilm production, the presence of biofilm-associated genes, and antibiotic resistance patterns in isolates obtained from ICU patients.
We collected 100 isolates from ICU patients at Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and biofilm production potential was assessed through the tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Additionally, we investigated eleven biofilm-related genes ( and ) in all isolates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The REP-PCR technique was utilized to analyze the genetic relatedness of the isolates (Fig. 4).
All isolates displayed multi-drug resistance, with the highest resistance rates observed against ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%). Gentamicin and amikacin showed the lowest resistance rates at 70% and 84%, respectively. A total of 98% of the isolates were capable of biofilm production, with 32% categorized as strong biofilm producers. The most frequently detected biofilm-associated genes included (99%), (98%), (97%), and (89%).
Biofilm production significantly contributes to the prevalence of multi-drug resistant strains. It is essential to implement effective antimicrobial stewardship and develop innovative anti-biofilm strategies to address this global health issue.
菌株中日益增加的抗菌药物耐药性构成了重大挑战，尤其是在重症监护病房（ICU），这些细菌是医院感染的常见原因。生物膜形成被认为是导致这种耐药性的关键机制。本研究旨在探讨从ICU患者分离出的菌株中生物膜形成、生物膜相关基因的存在与抗生素耐药模式之间的关系。
我们从伊朗设拉子内马齐医院的ICU患者中收集了100株菌株。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法进行药敏试验（AST），并通过组织培养板（TCP）法评估生物膜形成潜力。此外，我们使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）对所有分离株中的11个生物膜相关基因（和）进行了研究。利用REP-PCR技术分析分离株的遗传相关性（图4）。
所有分离株均表现出多重耐药性，对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率最高（100%）。庆大霉素和阿米卡星的耐药率最低，分别为70%和84%。总共98%的分离株能够形成生物膜，其中32%被归类为强生物膜形成者。最常检测到的生物膜相关基因包括（99%）、（98%）、（97%）和（89%）。
生物膜形成显著促进了多重耐药菌株的流行。实施有效的抗菌药物管理并制定创新的抗生物膜策略对于解决这一全球健康问题至关重要。
