Mohammed Ali Usman, Soresa Desalegn Negasa, Fufa Tilahun Wondimu
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Wollega University, Shambu, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Bako Agricultural Research Center, Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bako, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2025 Apr 28;2025:6345142. doi: 10.1155/sci5/6345142. eCollection 2025.
Tomato ( L.) is a crucial crop for food security and income generation in Western Ethiopia. However, unsuitable cultivar choices and misalignment between genotype and microclimate conditions often constrain its productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of eight national tomato cultivars and one local landrace across diverse microclimates in Western Ethiopia during the 2022/2023 off-season cropping period. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed to assess growth, yield, and quality parameters at two locations: Bako Tibe and Gambella Tare. The results revealed significant genotype-environment interactions affecting various traits, underscoring the necessity for microclimatic adaptation in tomato cultivation. Cochoro emerged as a high-yielding cultivar, achieving marketable fruit yields of 91.5 t/ha at Bako and 84.28 t/ha at Gambella Tare, while Komto (43 t/ha at Bako Tibe) and Geli-Lema (42.2 t/ha at Gambella Tare) exhibited the lowest yields. Melka-Salsa demonstrated superior fruit quality, particularly in ascorbic acid content (26.30 mg/100 g), while Cochoro had the lowest (12.81 mg/100 g). A strong positive correlation ( = 0.998) was identified between total marketable fruit yield and fruit weight per plant, suggesting potential targets for future breeding efforts. This study highlights the critical role of genotype-environment interactions in optimizing tomato production across microclimates in Western Ethiopia. These findings provide valuable information for farmers and stakeholders to select the most suitable cultivars, enhancing yields and improving farmer incomes. Future research should prioritize expanded genotype-environment interaction studies, breeding programs targeting yield components and stress resilience traits, and the development of location-specific agronomic packages integrating optimized irrigation, nutrient management, and climate-smart pest control strategies.
番茄（L.）是埃塞俄比亚西部粮食安全和创收的重要作物。然而，不合适的品种选择以及基因型与小气候条件不匹配常常限制其产量。本研究旨在评估2022/2023非种植季节期间，八个国家番茄品种和一个地方品种在埃塞俄比亚西部不同小气候下的表现。采用随机完全区组设计，重复三次，在两个地点：巴科·蒂贝和甘贝拉·塔雷评估生长、产量和品质参数。结果显示，显著的基因型 - 环境互作影响了各种性状，突出了番茄种植中小气候适应性的必要性。科乔罗是高产品种，在巴科的可销售果实产量达91.5吨/公顷，在甘贝拉·塔雷为84.28吨/公顷，而科姆托（在巴科·蒂贝为43吨/公顷）和盖利 - 莱马（在甘贝拉·塔雷为42.2吨/公顷）产量最低。梅尔卡 - 萨尔萨表现出优异的果实品质，尤其是在抗坏血酸含量方面（26.30毫克/100克），而科乔罗含量最低（12.81毫克/100克）。总可销售果实产量与单株果实重量之间存在强正相关（= 0.998），这为未来育种工作指明了潜在目标。本研究强调了基因型 - 环境互作在优化埃塞俄比亚西部不同小气候下番茄生产中的关键作用。这些发现为农民和利益相关者选择最合适的品种提供了有价值的信息，有助于提高产量和增加农民收入。未来的研究应优先扩大基因型 - 环境互作研究、针对产量构成要素和抗逆性状的育种计划，以及制定结合优化灌溉、养分管理和气候智能病虫害防治策略的特定地点农艺方案。
