Wang Chongqing, Li Zeyang, Huang Xu, Xu Xidan, Xu Xiaowei, Zhang Kun, Zhou Yue, Bai Jinhai, Liu Zhengkun, Jiang Yuchen, Tang Yan, Deng Xinyi, Li Siyang, Hu Enkui, Peng Wanjing, Xiong Ling, Xiao Qian, Yang Yuhan, Qin Qinbo, Liu Shaojun
Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education, Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou 511457, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 11;26(8):3619. doi: 10.3390/ijms26083619.
The gut-liver axis is essential in animal disease and health. However, the role of the gut-liver axis in the anti-disease mechanism of disease-resistant grass carp (DRGC) derived from the backcross of female gynogenetic grass carp (GGC) and male grass carp (GC) remains unclear. This study analyzed the changes in gut histopathology, fecal intestinal microflora and metabolites, and liver transcriptome between GC and DRGC. Histological analysis revealed significant differences in the gut between DRGC and GC. In addition, microbial community analyses indicated that hybridization induced gut microbiome variation by significantly increasing the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in DRGC. Metabolomic data revealed that the hybridization-induced metabolic change was probably characterized by being related to taurocholate and sphinganine in DRGC. Transcriptome analysis suggested that the enhanced disease resistance of DRGC was primarily attributed to immune-related genes (, , , , , , , and ). Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a significant association between the gut microbiota, immune-related genes, and metabolites. Collectively, the gut-liver axis, through the interconnected microbiome-metabolite-gene pathway, may play a crucial role in the mechanism of greater disease resistance in DRGC, offering valuable insights for advancing the grass carp cultivation industry.
肠-肝轴在动物疾病与健康中至关重要。然而，肠-肝轴在由雌核发育草鱼（GGC）与雄草鱼（GC）回交产生的抗病草鱼（DRGC）抗病机制中的作用仍不清楚。本研究分析了GC和DRGC之间肠道组织病理学、粪便肠道微生物群和代谢产物以及肝脏转录组的变化。组织学分析显示DRGC和GC之间肠道存在显著差异。此外，微生物群落分析表明，杂交通过显著增加DRGC中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的比例诱导了肠道微生物群的变化。代谢组学数据显示，杂交诱导的代谢变化可能以DRGC中与牛磺胆酸盐和鞘氨醇相关为特征。转录组分析表明，DRGC抗病性增强主要归因于免疫相关基因（、、、、、、和）。Spearman相关性分析揭示了肠道微生物群、免疫相关基因和代谢产物之间存在显著关联。总体而言，肠-肝轴通过相互关联的微生物群-代谢产物-基因途径，可能在DRGC更强抗病机制中发挥关键作用，为推动草鱼养殖业发展提供有价值的见解。
