Alomar Fadhel A, Dash Prasanta K, Ramasamy Mahendran, Venn Zachary L, Bidasee Sean R, Zhang Chen, Hackfort Bryan T, Gorantla Santhi, Bidasee Keshore R
Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 17;26(8):3801. doi: 10.3390/ijms26083801.
Early-onset heart failure is a major treat to healthy aging individuals with HIV-1 infection. Women with HIV-1 infection (WLWH) are especially vulnerable and develop heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), of which left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, vascular deficits, myocardial infarction, and fibrosis are major components. HIV-infected rodent models that exhibit these pathophysiological features remain under-reported, and this has left a void in our understanding of their molecular causes and therapeutic strategies to blunt its development. Here, we show that female NOD.Cg-PrkdcIl2rgt/SzJ humanized mice (Hu-mice) infected with HIV-1 and treated for 13 weeks with dolutegravir (DTG)/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) develop progressive diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction (E:A ratio, E:e', IVRT, left atrial volume and global longitudinal strain increased by 32.1 ± 5.1%, 28.2 ± 5.6%, 100.2 ± 12.6%, 26.6 ± 4.2% and 32.5 ± 4.3%, respectively). In vivo photoacoustic imaging revealed a 30.4 ± 6.8% reduction in saturated oxygenated hemoglobin in the anterior wall of the heart. The ex vivo analysis of hearts showed a reduction in density of perfused microvessels/ischemia (30.6 ± 6.2%) with fibrosis (20.2 ± 1.2%). The HIF-1α level was increased 2.6 ± 0.5-fold, while inflammation-induced serum semicarbazide amine oxidase and glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal increased 2-fold and 2.1-fold, respectively. Treating H9C2 cardiac myocytes with DTG, FTC and TDF dose-dependently increased expression of HIF-1α. These data show that HIV-infected Hu-mice treated with DTG/TDF/FTC for thirteen weeks develop cardiac diastolic dysfunction, with vascular deficits, ischemia, and fibrosis like those reported in women living with HIV-1 infection (WLWH). They also show that DTG, TDF, and FTC treatment can increase total HIF-1α in H9C2 cells.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2024-10
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012-7-11
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012-5-16